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试卷一
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the
conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each
question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.
Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single
line through the centre.
Example:
You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two
are talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in
the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)"5
hours"is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the
Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]
1. A) The man attended the concert, but didn't like it.
B) The man was sorry to miss the football game.
C) The man is more interested in football than in classical
music.
D) The man was sorry that he didn't attend the concert.
2. A) Singing loudly.
B) Listening to music.
C) Studying.
D) Talking on the phone.
3. A) She can't receive any calls.
B) She can't make any calls.
C) It doesn't work at all.
D) It's beyond repair.
4. A) Tom is very responsible. C) What Tom said
is true.
B) Tom's words aren't reliable. D) Tom is not humorous at all.
5. A) How to use a camera. C) How to use a
keyboard.
B) How to use a washer. D) How to use a tape recorder.
6. A) They should put the meeting to an end.
B) They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.
C) She would like to discuss another item.
D) She wants to discuss the issue again later.
7. A) He believes the Browns have done a sensible
thing.
B) He doesn't think the Browns should move to another place.
C) He doesn't think the Browns' investment is a wise move.
D) He believes it is better for the Browns to invest later.
8. A) He may convert it and use it as a
restaurant.
B) He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.
C) He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.
D) He may sell it to the owner of a restaurant.
9. A) She doesn't like the way the professor
lectures.
B) She's having a hard time following the professor's
lectures.
C) She is not interested in the course.
D) She's having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.
10. A) He never keeps his promises. C) He has
changed his mind.
B) He is crazy about parties. D) He is not sociable.
Section B Compound Dictation 注意：
听力理解的 B 节 ( Section B ) 为复合式听写 ( Compound
Dictation ) ，题目在试卷二上。现在请取出试卷二。
Part II
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions:
There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and
mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line
through the centre.
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following
passage:
We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable
to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower
animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist (免疫学家)
Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks
to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a
wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the
two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it
protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock.
Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in
the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity.
What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an
event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.
Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke
University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to
control unpleasant stimuli don't develop sleep disturbances or changes in
brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are
confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave
passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings
reinforce psychologists' suspicions that the experience or perception of
helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.
One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the
immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader
at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射)
mice to avoid saccharin（糖精）by simultaneously feeding them the
sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their
immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the
stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order
to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader re-exposed the animals
to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that
those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their
earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so
successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to
weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.
11. Laudenslager's experiment showed that the immune system of those
rats who could turn off the electricity .
A) was strengthened C) was altered
B) was not affected D) was weakened
12. According to the passage, the experience of
helplessness causes rats to .
A) try to control unpleasant stimuli B) turn off the electricity
C) behave passively in controllable situations D) become abnormally
suspicious
13. The reason why the mice in Ader's experiment
avoided saccharin was that .
A) they disliked its taste B) it affected their immune systems
C) it led to stomach pains D) they associated it with stomachaches
14. The passage tells us that the most probable
reason for the death of the mice in Ader's experiment was that .
A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharin
B) the sweetener was poisonous to them
C) their immune systems had been altered by the mind
D) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning
15. It can be concluded from the passage that the
immune systems of animals .
A) can be weakened by conditioning B) can be suppressed by drug
injections
C) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin D) can be altered
by electric shocks
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following
passage:
The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our
food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty
in affixing (把…固定) legal responsibility on those who continue to
treat our environment with reckless abandon (放任). Attempts to prevent
pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have
been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays - not
only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something
about it.
It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax
incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change.
Where is industry's and our recognition that protecting mankind's great
treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will
be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines
and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.
We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we
take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in
environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the
environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate,
stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of
us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce
environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.
We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at
city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no
longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize
issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We must
express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public
confusion.
I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we
must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people
can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the
link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate
technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can
accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop
environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be
able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on
bandages.
16. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the
industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because .
A) they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing
B) they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests
C) time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it
D) it is difficult for them to take effective measures
17. The main task now facing ecologists,
environmental activists and conservationists is . A) to prevent
pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion
B) to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental
protection
C) to take radical measures to control environmental pollution
D) to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental
standards
18. The word "tunnel-visioned" (Line 2,
Para. 4) most probably means " ".
A) narrow-minded C) short-sighted B) blind to the facts
D) able to see only one aspect
19. Which of the following, according to the
author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental
problems?
A) Legislation and government intervention.
B) The industry's understanding and support.
C) The efforts of environmental health professionals.
D) The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and
conservationists.
20. Which of the following is true according to
the last paragraph?
A) Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on
remedial measures.
B) More money should be spent in order to stop pollution.
C) Ordinary citizens have no access to technical information on
pollution.
D) Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this
decade.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following
passage:
British universities, groaning under the burden of
a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a
free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an
admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does
not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks.
The government responded to the universities' threat by setting up
the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a
non-party troubleshooter (调停人), Sir Ron Dearing.
One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the
number when the last review took place thirty years ago
Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid
expansion needs a lot more money - but there is little hope of getting it
from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from
business.
Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs,
something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a
revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to
introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own
threatened action for now. They await Dearing's advice, hoping it will not
be too late - some are already reported to be in financial difficulty.
As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university
should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use
computers instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong learning
and refer to students as "consumers."
The Confederation (联盟) of British Industry, the key employers'
organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight
competition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the
government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper agrees,
complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with
close tutorial supervision giving way to "ass production methods more
typical of European universities."
21. The chief concern of British universities is .
A) how to tackle their present financial difficulty
B) how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprises
C) how to improve their educational technology
D) how to put an end to the current tendency of quality
deterioration
22. We can learn from the passage that in Britain
.
A) the government pays dearly for its financial policy
B) universities are mainly funded by businesses
C) higher education is provided free of charge
D) students are ready to accept loan schemes for tuition
23. What was the percentage of high school
graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?
A) 20% or so. C) Above 30%.
B) About 15%. D) Below 10%.
24. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A) the British government will be forced to increase its spending
on higher education
B) British employers demand an expansion in enrollment at the
expense of quality
C) the best way out for British universities is to follow their
European counterparts
D) British students will probably have to pay for their higher
education in the near future
25. Which of the following is the viewpoint of
the Times newspaper?
A) Expansion in enrollment is bound to affect the quality of
British higher education.
B) British universities should expand their enrollment to meet the
needs of industry.
C) European universities can better meet the needs of the modern
world.
D) British universities should help fight competition on world
markets.
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following
passage:
There's a simple premise behind what Larry Myers
does for a living: If you can smell it, you can find it.
Myers is the founder of Auburn University's Institute for
Biological Detection Systems, the main task of which is to chase the
ultimate in detection devices - an artificial nose.
For now, the subject of their research is little more than a stack
of gleaming chips tucked away in a laboratory drawer. But soon, such a
tool could be hanging from the belts of police, arson (纵火)
investigators and food-safety inspectors.
The technology that they are working on would suggest quite
reasonably that, within three to five years, we'll have some workable
sensors ready to use. Such devices might find wide use in places that
attract terrorists. Police could detect drugs, bodies and bombs hidden in
cars, while food inspectors could easily test food and water for
contamination.
The implications for revolutionary advances in public safety and the
food industry are astonishing. But so, too, are the possibilities for
abuse: Such machines could determine whether a woman is ovulating (排卵),
without a physical exam - or even her knowledge.
One of the traditional protectors of American liberty is that it has
been impossible to search everyone. That's getting not to be the case.
Artificial biosensors created at Auburn work totally differently
from anything ever seen before. AromaScan, for example, is a desktop
machine based on a bank of chips sensitive to specific chemicals that
evaporate into the air. As air is sucked into the machine, chemicals pass
over the sensor surfaces and produce changes in the electrical current
flowing through them. Those current changes are logged into a computer
that sorts out odors based on their electrical signatures.
Myers says they expect to load a single fingernail-size chip with
thousands of odor receptors (感受器), enough to create a sensor that's
nearly as sensitive as a dog's nose.
26. Which of the following is within the capacity of the artificial
nose being developed? A) Performing physical examinations.
B) Locating places which attract terrorists.
C) Detecting drugs and water contamination.
D) Monitoring food processing.
27. A potential problem which might be caused by
the use of an artificial nose is .
A) negligence of public safety C) a hazard to physical health
B) an abuse of personal freedom D) a threat to individual privacy
28. The word "logged" (Line 5, Para. 7)
most probably means " ".
A) preset C) processed
B) entered D) simulated
29. To produce artificial noses for practical
use, it is essential .
A) to develop microchips with thousands of odor receptors
B) to invent chips sensitive to various chemicals
C) to design a computer program to sort out smells
D) to find chemicals that can alter the electrical current passing
through
30. The author's attitude towards Larry Myers'
work is .
A) cautious C) suspicious
B) approving D) overenthusiastic
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions:
There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each
sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and
D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then
mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line
through the centre.
31. When people are asked what kind of housing
they need or want, the question a variety of answers.
A) defies C) mediates
B) magnifies D) evokes
32. If you want to set up a company, you must
with the regulations laid down by the authorities.
A) comply C) confirm
B) adhere D) accord
33. Although there are occasional outbreaks of
gunfire, we can report that the rebellion has in the main been .
A) canceled C) suppressed
B) destroyed D) restrained
34. Since the two countries couldn't their
differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.
A) rectify C) reconcile
B) oblige D) obscure
35. The presidential candidate his position by
winning several primary elections.
A) enforced C) intensified
B) enriched D) consolidated
36. The fuel of the continental missile is
supposed to be by this device.
A) ignited C) fired
B) lighted D) inspired
37. Mike just discovered that his passport had
three months ago.
A) abolished C) amended
B) expired D) constrained
38. Frankly speaking, your article is very good
except for some mistakes in grammar.
A) obscure C) trivial
B) glaring D) rare
39. There was once an idea that the earth was flat
and motionless.
A) absurd C) eternal
B) intrinsic D) offensive
40. Certain species disappeared or became as new
forms arose that were better adapted to the Earth's changing environment.
A) feeble C) massive
B) extinct D) extinguished
41. His directions confused us; we did not know
which of the two roads to take.
A) ambiguous C) arbitrary
B) complicated D) intricate
42. Franklin D. Roosevelt argued that the
depression stemmed from the American economy's flaws.
A) underlining C) vulgar
B) vulnerable D) underlying
43. Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye
disease was in tropical countries.
A) prospective C) provocative
B) prevalent D) perpetual
44. I am afraid that you have to alter your views
in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.
A) indifferent C) optimistic
B) distressing D) pessimistic
45. Although he has had no formal education, he is
one of the businessmen in the company. A) shrewdest C) nastiest
B) sternest D) alertest
46. Stop shouting! I can't hear the football .
A) judgement C) commentary
B) interpretation D) explanation
47. The cultures of China and Japan have shared
many features, but each has used them according to its national .
A) engagement C) capacity
B) destiny D) temperament
48. Every member of society has to make a to
struggle for the freedom of the country. A) pledge C) resolve B) warranty
D) guarantee
49. I was deeply impressed by the hostess' and
enjoyed the dinner party very much.
A) hostility C) hospitality
B) indignation D) humanity
50. David tends to feel useless and unwanted in a
society that gives so much to those who compete well.
A) prestige C) superiority
B) regime D) legislation
51. As you have seen, the value of a nation's
currency is a of its economy.
A) reaction C) response
B) reflection D) revelation
52. In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the of
fine china attracted much attention of customers from all over the world.
A) succession C) string B) array D) procession
53. We should make a clear between the two
scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.
A) separation C) deviation
B) discrimination D) distinction
54. The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a
plane in Athens, set to when it arrived in New York.
A) go off C) come off
B) get off D) carry off
55. We should be able to do the job for you
quickly, you give us all the necessary information.
A) in case C) or else
B) provided that D) as if
56. The younger person's attraction to stereos
cannot be explained only familiarity with technology.
A) in quest of C) in terms of
B) by means of D) by virtue of
57. Attempts to persuade her to stay after she
felt insulted were .
A) in no way C) at a loss
B) on the contrary D) of no avail
58. By signing the lease we made a to pay a rent
of $150 a week.
A) conception C) commitment
B) commission D) confinement
59. To prevent flooding in winter the water
flowing from the dam is constantly by a computer.
A) graded C) conducted
B) managed D) monitored
60. Many people think of deserts as regions, but
numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there.
A) virgin C) void
B) barren D) wretched
Part IV Cloze
(15 minutes)
Directions:
There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each
blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on
the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that
best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the
Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag
(喷气飞行时差反应). Jetlag makes business travelers less
productive and more prone 61 making mistakes. It is actually caused by 62
of your "body clock" - a small cluster of brain cells that
controls the timing of biological 63 . The body clock is designed for a 64
rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when
it 65 daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time
zone. The 66 of jetlag often persist for days 67 the internal body clock
slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is 68
that is based on proven 69 pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin
Moore-Ede has 70 a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner
to the new time zone 71 controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone
shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates 72 of the discomfort of jetlag.
A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either
73 or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually
make jetlag worse. The proper schedule 74 light exposure depends a great
deal on 75 travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary (旅行路线)
and the individual's sleep 76 are used to produce a Trip Guide with 77 on
exactly when to be exposed to bright light. When the Trip Guide calls 78
bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark
outside, or the weather is bad, 79 you are on an aeroplane, you can use a
special light device to provide the necessary light 80 for a range of
activities such as reading, watching TV or working.
61. A) for C) to B) from D) of
62. A) rupture C) eruption B) corruption D) disruption
63. A) actions C) reflection B) functions D) behavior
64. A) regular C) continual B) formal D) circular
65. A) retains C) possesses B) encounters D) experiences
66. A) diseases C) signs B) symptoms D) defects
67. A) while C) if B) whereas D) although
68. A) adaptable C) available B) approachable D) agreeable
69. A) broad C) tentative B) inclusive D) extensive
70. A) devised C) scrutinized B) recognized D) visualized
71. A) at C) in B) through D) as
72. A) most C) little B) least D) more
73. A) attain C) retrieve B) shed D) seek
74. A) on C) for B) with D) in
75. A) unique C) complicated B) specific D) peculiar
76. A) norm C) pattern B) mode D) style
77. A) directories C) specifications B) instructions D) commentaries
78. A) off C) for B) on D) up
79. A) or C) but B) and D) while
80. A) agitation C) acceleration B) spur D) stimulus
试卷二
注
意 事 项
一、
将校名、姓名、学校代号填入本页左面各项内，准考证号填入右下角。
二、 试卷二共两部分: 试卷一听力理解部分中的 Compound
Dictation 的答卷和Writing，注意不要漏做。
三、 答案直接做在试卷二上，用钢笔或圆珠笔书写。
※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※－※
Part I Section B Compound Dictation
Directions:
In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is
read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general
idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the
second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7
with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to
S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either
use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in
your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you
should check what you have written.
◆注意：本页试题答完后，必须卷面朝下放置，不得把答题内容暴露在外，否则以作弊论处。◆
President Clinton later today joins (S1) presi- dents
Ford, Carter and Bush at "the president's summit for America's
future" (S2) at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide
after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million
children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three
(S3) dollars to fund a five-year program called "America Reads".
The program would fund the (S4) efforts of 20 thousand reading (S5) and it
would also give (S6) to help parents help children read by the third
grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (S7) , the president
explained why the program is important: "We need 'America Reads' and
we need it now. Studies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well,
(S8) . But, 40 percent of them still can't read at a basic level."
Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college
funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring programs. (S9) . The
president says many of the Philadelphia summit's corporate sponsors will
recruit tutors. (S10) . .
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a
composition on the topic Reading Selectively Or
Extensively? You should write at least 120 words, and base
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese)
below:
1. 有人认为读书要有选择
2. 有人认为应当博览群书
3. 我的看法
Reading
Selectively Or Extensively? |