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第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 The union representative put across her argument very effectively.
A explained B invented C considered D accepted
2 He talks tough but has a tender heart.
A heavy B strong C kind D wild
3 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.
A making B taking C discussing D expecting
4 Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of
producing
A waste B buy C use D sell
5 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.
A function B ability C power D volume
6 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.
A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely
7 Her faith upheld her in times of sadness
A supported B excited C inspired D directed
8 The book provides a concise analysis of the country’s history.
A clean B perfect C real D brief
9 It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their
membership cards at all times.
A suggested B warned C stated D confirmed
10 The council meeting terminated at 2 o’clock
A began B continued C ended D resumed
11 A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.
A sign B substitute C proof D target
12 However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk
change.
A reluctant B eager C pleased D angry
13 It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and
did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one.
A limit B control C replace D offset
14 The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war
reconstruction of the area.
A deny B investigate C stress D create
15 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly
increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.
A gradually B suddenly C excessively D exceptionally
第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑
Principles of Governing Persuasion
If leadership consists of getting thing done through others, then
persuasion is one of the leader’s essential tools. Many executives have
assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the
charismatic(有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the
past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned
which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their
research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that
can be taught and applied.
The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who
is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask
peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to
cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as
well. So it’s worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer
genuine praise.
Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat
you the way you treat them. It’s sound policy to do a favor before
seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they
make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get
commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer
to (服从)
experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should
take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it’s
self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it’s scarce;
it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than
widely available data.
16 Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his
employees.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend
to treat you the way you treat them.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.
A right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~ 30题，每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2,3,5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Keeping Cut Flowers
1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people
know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by
keeping in mind a few simple facts.
2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are
sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut
carnations(康乃馨) retain their freshness eight
times longer when kept at 12oC than when kept at 260c. Keeping freshly
harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most
important aspect of flower care.
3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological
purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for
pollination (授粉). After that, they quickly dry
up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce
carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), called respiration (呼吸),
generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and
colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all
living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A
result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of
heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also
brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the
level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.
4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling
respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature.
We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true.
Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut
flower will age more slowly.
5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the
water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to “drink”
water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and
smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can
endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances,
household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂)
can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of
chlorine bleach(at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The
water and solution should also be replaced each day.
23 Paragraph 2__________________
24 Paragraph 3__________________
25 Paragraph 4__________________
26 Paragraph 5__________________
27 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers_______________
28 Respiration plays a key role________________
29 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down_________________
30 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is
____________________
第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 “Salty” Rice Plant Boosts Harvests
British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that
will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may
enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.
Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological
Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice,
could be made to grow in water that has become salty.
The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish
which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is
to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.
It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares(公顷)
of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and
stunts(妨碍生长)plants. The problem is caused by
several factors. In the tropics, mangroves(红树林)
that create swamps（沼泽） and traditionally
formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a
series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea
water to seep(渗透)in. in Latin America,
irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated(蒸发)
by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.
Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning
normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them
drawing up the water they need to survive.
To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants
that take in very little slat and store what they do absorb in cells
that do not affect the plants’ growth. They have started to breed these
characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight
harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for
commercial use.
Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and
Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops
and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to
bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the
world.
31 Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?
A They are students at Sussex University.
B They are rice breeders.
C They are husband and wife.
D They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.
32 Flowers and Yeo have started a programme
A to find ways to prevent water pollution.
B to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.
C to breed rice plants that taste salty.
D to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.
33 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem
discussed in the passage?
A Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.
B the water table has gone down after droughts.
C Sea level has been continuously rising.
D Evaporation of water leaves salt behind
34 The word “affect” in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by
A “influence”
B “effect”
C “stop”
D “present”
35 The attitude of the author towards the research project is
A positive
B negative.
C suspicious
D indifferent.
第二篇 Ford’s Assembly Line
When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all
our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from
now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all
manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to
make cars-one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses（屠宰场）.
Back in the early 1900’s, slaughterhouses used what could have been
called a “disassembly line”. Ford reversed this process to see if it
would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a
magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one
of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed,
added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David
Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial
development, tells what happened.
“The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged
one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the
assemble team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.”
Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford
went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles
were towed(拖，拉) past workers who completed
them one piece at a time. It hasn’t long before Ford was turning out
several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And
so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of
his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who,
up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers the world
over copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book
about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of
the Automobile has arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of
automation(自动化), everything from toasters to
perfumes is made on assembly lines.
36 Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true?
A He introduced a new way of production.
B He influenced all manufacturing.
C He inspired other auto makers.
D He changed a historian’s mind.
37 The writer mentions” slaughterhouses” because they were the places
where
A Ford’s assembly line originated
B Ford made his first car.
C Ford readjusted the assembly line.
D Ford innovated the disassembly line.
38 A magneto is a technical term for
A an automobile.
B a production line
C a part of an automobile engine.
D a disassembly line
39 the phrase” turning out” in the last paragraph could be best replaced
by
A “ producing”
B “ selling”
C “buying”
D “fixing”
40 The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford
A to create more jobs for the unemployed
B to write a book on history
C to reduce the price of his cars to $260
D to cut the production of his cars by 50%
第三篇 Play
Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years
research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a
human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and
the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their
main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in
this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and
will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose
suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the
standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited
abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life.
So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not
be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to
and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up
successfully.
In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no
bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the
child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his
own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and
construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦)
and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and
pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on
with others.
Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight
years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the
best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which
type of toys the chills most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a
child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become
the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable,
they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a
child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults,
relaxation and fun.
41 The passage tells us that as a child grows up
A he should be allowed to choose his own toys.
B he should be given identical toys.
C he should be given different toys.
D he should be given fewer and fewer toys.
42 According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from
his parents
A determine his character
B will not change after the age of three.
C partly determine the standard he is likely to reach.
D to a large extent determine the choice of toys.
43 Who have the best chance of growing up successfully?
A Those who tend to overeat
B Those who are given a lot of toys.
C Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.
D Those who can share their toys with their playmates.
44 We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity
A when he is two
B when he is around four.
C when he is six.
D when he is eight.
45 The passage is mainly about
A the importance of pre-school education
B the importance of schooling.
C the role of play in a child’s development
D the choice of toys for adolescents.
第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原来位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Science and Technology
There is a difference between science and technology._________(46).
Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between
observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve
to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with
tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of
science.________(47)
Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to
understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of
accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other
people’s likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of
things._________(48). But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely
to be useful; besides we have the choice of refusing to believe it ! But
hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear
the sound produced by a supersonic(超音速的)
aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted
air._________(49)The purpose of technology is to serve people-people in
general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely
those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.
__________(50) Many people blame technology itself for widespread
pollution, resource depletion(枯竭)
and even social decay in general-so much so that the promise of
technology is “ obscured “. That promise is a cleaner and healthier
world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a
better world, what else will?
A Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the
progress in each.
B Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of
the human factor.
C What scientists discover may shock or anger people ---as did Darwin’s
theory of evolution.
D Science and technology are different.
E We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.
F Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is
a method of solving practical problems.
第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项同，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上
Cost as a Factor in Supply
In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has
no control over the market price, because he produces too little to
influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and
the products________(51) his competitors, he will sell nothing if he
charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or
__________(52) the market price. However, in considering the price, he
must take the ____________(53)of production into consideration. There
are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might
happen when prices tumble for__________(54) he believes will be a short
time. However, no business person can __________(55)to lose money for a
prolonged period. He must be constantly __________(56)of his costs in
relation to the market price if he is to competes successfully and earn
a profit.
Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per
unit decrease._________(57)mass production has made this true in certain
industries and at certain levels of production,________(58) logic and
practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise
beyond a certain level of production. Some economists_________(59)to
this principle as the law of increasing costs.
The reason costs rise as production goes up is __________(60). However,
it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for
additional factors of production will also
grow,__________(61)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the
factors of production. If a producer needs___________(62) skilled labor
to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will
have to get __________(63)from other sources. This can be done by
___________(64)higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the
other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor
is equally productive, ___________(65)not all land is equally fertile
and not all ore(矿石)is
equally rich in the mineral wanted.
51 A to B at C of D on
52 A below B beneath C over D above
53 A price B cost C worth D profit
54 A that B why C what D if
55 A afford B pretend C offer D try
56 A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious
57 A Because B Since C When D While
58 A both B neither C none D any
59 A resort B refer C turn D attend
60 A clear B simple C difficult D complex
61 A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out
62 A less B numerous C more D many
63 A them B these C it D those
64 A offering B cutting C reducing D having
65 A as if B just as C because D while
答案：
1A
2C 3C 4C 5D 6D 7A 8D 9C 10C 11A 12A 13B 14B 15A 16B 17A 18C 19B 20B
21C 22A
23D 24C 25A 26E 27D 28B 29E 30F 31D 32B 33C 34A 35A 36D 37A 38C 39A 40C
41C 42C
43C 44B 45C 46F 47A 48C 49B 50E
51C 52A 53B 54C 55A 56C 57D 58A 59B 60D
61B 62C 63C 64A 65B |