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2001年在职攻读教育硕士英语一试题（非英语专业） |
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独家修正版 |
[供报考学科教学（非英语专业）考生使用]
考生须知
1.本试题的答案必须填写在规定的答题卡和答题纸上，写在试题册上不给分。
2.第1题至第50题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，第51题至55题的答案以及第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ部分的答案须用蓝、黑色钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上。用其他颜色笔不给分。
3.选择题答案选出后，请用2B铅笔在答题卡相应的选项上划一横线，如：[A][B][C][D]。划线要粗，要有一定浓度。修改时，必须用橡皮擦净后，再填涂其它选项。
4.本考试时间为3小时。
Part I Structure and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices
marked A, B, C,
and D. Read each sentence carefully and then choose one that best completes
the sentence.
Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by drawing a single bar across the
corresponding
letter in the square bracket. (10 points)
1. It C . that Mary, no less than Jenny and Jane, really diligent and
perseverant in doing
anything.
A. says ... is B. Said ... are
C. is said ... is D. is said ... are
2. The tooth that is being extracted by the dentist me for some time.
A. has hurt .B. has been hurting
C. is hurting D. hurts
3. I suppose Jack is as Johnson.
A. as wealthy a man B. so wealthy
C. as a wealthy D. a man so wealthy
4. I studied Spanish for four years in high school. , I had trouble talking
with people when
I was travelling in Spain.
A. Nevertheless B. Therefore C. Moreover D. On the other hand
5. The Blacks wasted a lot of food at the party last week. They so much
food.
A. didn't need to prepare B. mustn't have prepared
C. needn't have prepared D. couldn't have prepared
6.It has provided is professional advice to help entrepreneurs get on their
feet, to stay on the ri 8.49. popular ght course, and to help them grow.
A. That B. Which C. What D. While
7. Jerry continued to a promotion even though he had necessary
qualifications.
A. have denied B. be denied C. deny D. be denying
8.How unlucky I was in the table-tennis game yesterday! I was close but I
lost it at last
because of my tiredness.
A. to win B. winning C. to winning D. for winning
9. I would never have encouraged you to go into this field it would be so
stressful for
you.
A. should I know B. and I had known
C. but I knew D. had I known
10. The headmaster persisted in punishing the boy and in no case _ _ change
his mind.
A. he would B. he were to C. would he D. were he to
Section B
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Read each sentence carefully and then choose the one
that best completes the sentence or is closest in meaning to the underlined
word in the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by drawing a single
bar across the corresponding letter in the square bracket. (10 points)
11. Open book exams are usually given when your teacher is interested in
evaluating how well you can what you have learned.
A. remember B. apply C. recite D. memorize
12. Experts. the present teaching situation to the examination-oriented
education
system.
A. attach B. appoint C. attribute D. admit
13. I hear that all residents will have easy to a variety of recreational
facilities.
A. touch B. resolutions C. access D. progress
14. Despite our , Eva approached the stranger for directions.
A. intentions B. encouragement
C. warnings D. attempts
15. For centuries, malnutrition has been in the drought-stricken areas of
Africa.
A. ample B. prevailing C. plentiful D. popular
16. The organizers knew that the new measure would barely the balance of
supply and demand.
A. return B. reply C. restore D. rescue
17. No matter how hard he studied, his grades stayed at the of 2.5.
A. point B. norm C. mean D. medium
18. Human survival is a result of mutual assistance, since people are
essentially rather than
A. superior ... inferior B. cooperative ... competitive
C. physical ... mental D. dependent ... offensive
19. No doubt they will achieve their targets.
A. receive B. enjoy C. admit D. meet
20. The finals of the first world Xiang Qi challenge __ in Beijing on June 9
this year, which the country's 32 top Chinese chess masters
A. kicked off.., joined in B, kicked back ... joined
C. kicked down ... took part D. kicked in ... participated in
21. If a scene is likely to be offensive to the average person, then you may
shorten or delete that scene.
A. decrease B. omit C. replace D. darken
22. The grant is normally one year in duration. Sometimes a renewal is
awarded in order to allow a scholar to complete his initial project,
A. financial aid B. academic research
C. scientific experiment D. technical innovation
23. In France expensive diagnostic tests have become routine for many
illnesses.
A. method B. custom C. principle D. convention
24. The company has a(n) sophisticated computer system which can display a
customer bill at
A. new B. advanced C. wise D. transparent
25. Li Ming having failed in the test of GRE, his prospect of studying
abroad is discouraging.
A. future B. expectation C. advantage D. chance
26. This is an important meeting; no one should have without permission.
A. consent B. authority C. agreement 4X-promise
27. The library has got rid of all its old magazines. What a pity!
A. collected B. discarded C. tolerated D. transported
28. The design of wildlife refuges is still a matter of considerable
controversy.
A. significance B. debate C. urgency D. concern
29. Aside from news and current affairs, I hardly watch any TV programme.
A. Except for B. New that C. As a result of D. In addition to
30. The timid pupils dared not express the_msetves at the meeting about the
poor services at the school dining hall.
A. speak out B. speak of C. speak ill D. speak well
Part II Reading Comprehension
Directions: The passages below are followed by some multiple-choice
questions or short answer questions. For each of the multiple-choice
questions there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Please choose the
best answer to each of the questions and then mark your answer on ANSWER
SHEET I by drawing a single bar across the corresponding letter in the
square bracket. For the short answer questions, please write a short answer
to each of the given questions on ANSWER SHEET II. (50 points)
Passage 1
What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from
home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few
decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed
the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the
1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home
than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother.
Today about half of the country's married women are employed outside the
home. But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are
not fully liberated from that chore. Instead, many have become, in a sense,
prisoners of the completely cooked convenience meals. It's easier to pick up
a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out
for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen
dinners after along, hard day.
Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working
parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as
well as unmarried and divorced mature people, have alone rather than as part
of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one.
Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn't require any dressing
up, it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine, and the outlay of money
seems small. It can be eaten in the car -- sometimes picked up at a drive-in
window without even getting out -- or on the run. Even if it is brought home
to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy
disposable wrappings. Children, especially, love fast food because it's
finger food, no struggling with knives and forks, no annoying instructions
from adults about table manner.
31. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because __
A. it can be eaten in the car
B. it is much more tasty than home-made food
C. one only uses his fingers while eating it
D. it is time-saving and convenient
32. It can be inferred that children __
A. want to have more freedom at table
B. never wash dishes after each meal
C. are good at using forks and knives while eating
D. take eating time as a fun break
33. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home partially because
A. they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home
B. the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home
C. many of them live alone or don't like taking trouble to cook
D. American women refuse to cook at home due to women's liberation movement
34. According to the text, a drive-in window is a __
A. car window from which you can see the driver
B. window in the restaurant from which you get your takeout in the car
C. place where you check the mechanic condition of your car
D. entrance where you return the used plates after eating
35. The expression "pitch in with" in paragraph two probably means
A. complain B. enjoy C. help D. deny
Passage 2
Just 30 years ago some 700 million people lived in cities. Today the number
stands at1,800 million, and by the end of the century it will top 3,000
million--more than half the world's estimated population.
The flood of 'urbanites' is swallowing not the richest countries, but the
poorest. By the year 2000 an estimated 650 million people will crowd into 60
cities of five million or more three-quarters of them in the developing
world. Only a single city in developed countries--Tokyo, which will have 24
million people--is expected to be among the global top five; London, ranked
second in 1950 with ten million people, will not even make 2000's top 25. In
places where rates of natural population increase exceed three per cent
annually meaning much of the developing countries--that alone is enough to
double a city's population within 20 years. But equally powerful are the
streams of hopeful migrants from the countryside. More often than not, even
the most horrible urban living conditions are an improvement on whatever the
migrants have left behind.
What confronts and shocks urban planners is the serious effect of these
trends. There have never been cities 'of 30 million people, let alone ones
dependent on roads, sewer and water supplies barely adequate for urban areas
a tenth that size.
The great urban industrial growth of Europe and America in the nineteenth
and twentieth centuries sustained the cities that it helped produce. But in
today's swelling cities, in developing countries, the flood of new arrivals
far outstrips the supply of jobs--particularly as modern industries put much
value on technology rather than manpower. So it will be virtually impossible
to find permanent employment for 30 to 40 per cent of the 1,000 million new
city residents.
36. The word "urbanites" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to __
A. urban planners B. city residents
C. big cities D. city job hunters
37. In the author's opinion, the sharp increase in a city's population is
the result of __
A. the high birth rate in the cities of those countries
B. the streams of migrants moving from the countryside to the city
C. the improvement in the urban living conditions
D. both A and B
38. It is implied in the passage that
A. urban planners should be criticized
B. great difficulties will arise if a city is overpopulated
C. an ideal city had better have a population of only 3 million
D. 13 million is a bad number for city planners
39. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Urban industrial growth helped to give rise to cities.
B. The great urban industrial growth failed to provide enough food for the
cities.
C. Technology is more important to modem industries than manpower.
D. Many of the new city residents will find no permanent employment.
40. The best title for the passage could be
A. Problems of Big Cities B. Advantages of Big Cities
C. Solutions to City Problems D. A Plan for Big Cities
Passage 3
The idea of test-tube babies may make you either delighted at the wonders of
modem medicine or irritated while considering the moral, or legal, or
technological implications of starting life in a laboratory. But if you've
ever been pregnant(~v)~2)~)yourself, one thing is certain: You wonder what
it's like to carry a test-tube baby. Are these pregnancies normal? Are the
babies normal?
The earliest answers come from Australia, where a group of medical experts
at the Queen Victoria Medical Center in Melbourne have taken a look at the
continent's first nine successful ' in vitro pregnancies. The Australians
report that the pregnancies themselves seemed to proceed according to plan,
but at birth some unusual trends did show up. Seven of the nine babies
turned out to be girls. Six of the nine were delivered by Caesarean section
( 剖腹产手术 ) . An done baby, a twin, was born with a serious heart defect and a
few days later developed life-threatening problems.
What does it all mean? Even the doctors don't know for sure, because the
numbers are so small. The proportion of girls to boys is high, but until
there are many more test-tube babies no one will know whether that's
something that just happened to be like that or something special that
happens when egg meets sperm in a test tube instead of a Fallopian tube. The
same thing is true of the single heart defect; it usually shows up in only
15 out of 60,000 births in that part of Australia, but the fact that it
occurred in one out of nine test-tube babies does not necessarily mean that
they are at special risk. One thing the doctors can explain is the high
number of Caesareans. Most of the mothers were older, had long histories of
fertility problems and in some cases had had surgery on the fallopian tubes,
all of which made them likely candidates for Caesareans anyway.
The Australian researchers report that they are quite encouraged. All the
babies are now making normal progress even the twin with the birth defects.
41. What would people be most concerned about according to the author?
A. Whether the test-tube babies would be legally accepted by society.
B. Whether the test-tube babies would be normal from pregnancy to birth.
C. Whether modern medicine is advanced enough for test-tube babies'
delivery.
D. Whether there would be always more girls than boys out of the test-tube
babies.
42. what does the Latin word "in vitro" (paragraph two) most probably mean?
A. normal B. test-tube C. virtual D. Fallopian tube
43. The Australian experiment of the test-tube babies has the following
unusual trends except that
A. most of the babies are girls
B. most of the babies are delivered by means of surgical operations
C. there is a serious heart disease case
D. the babies do not appear to be normal
44. Which of the following explanations regarding the high number of
Caesarean operations is NOT true?
A. Some mothers have passed the best age for a natural delivery.
B. Some mothers have physical problems with pregnancy.
C. Some mothers volunteer to be the candidates of the Caesarean operations.
D. Some mothers have had surgical operations on the fallopian tubes.
45. What is the author's attitude toward the idea of test-tube babies?
A. optimistic B. pessimistic --C~ delighted D. irritated
Passage 4
Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American
schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing.
Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3-21 in this country have an
impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education
program. Handicapped students require special education because they are
often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following
ways: mentally retarded, learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf,
visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments.
The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging. A
special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire
information, repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and an
indefatigable consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently
necessary.
Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized
upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc
program is infinitely patient, repetition of any videodisc lesson can
continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a
program.
Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the
University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism
for children who need graphic representations." Healey explained that deaf
and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping
figurative language and higher order language concepts. He believes that for
special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the
technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for
granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such
as idioms and metaphors (暗喻) come most readily to mind as being difficult
for handicapped learners, but basic concepts such as are also difficult for
children not experienced with the slight differences in language.
46. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with
A. genius students from day care centers to colleges
B. students who are fond of computer video games
C. teachers of language in the University of Arizona
D. students who are either mentally or physically disabled
47. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study
difficulties because _
A. its fancy design is very attractive
B. it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
C. the content of it is healthy and promising
D. it is developed by university professors
48. According to Professor Healey we may infer that mentally retarded
children perhaps
A. need graphic representations in order to understand higher order language
concepts
B. are good at study English idioms but often fail to grasp higher order
language concepts
C. are not very patient with video diskette videodisc which helps them to
understand the world concepts
D. tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty in learning the simple
concept "before and after"
49.The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is
A. handicapped students and their problems
B. videodisc and special education
C. computer assisted teaching programs
D. normal children and handicapped kids
50.The word "impairment "in the first paragraph probably means
A. habit B. disability -G: misconception D. belief
Passage 5
Why do men have to pay for brides in some cultures, while in others women
must have dowries in order to marry?
The price a man must pay for a wife varies form culture to culture. In East
African societies where cattle are the primary currency, a bride can be
worth anywhere from 5 to 50cows, depending on the particular society and its
resources. Men elsewhere trade pigs, goats, shells, metal tools, such as
axes and knives, or money for wives. These payments called the bride-price,
or bride-wealth, are given to the bride's male relatives by the groom and
his male relatives.
In many societies where the bride brings dowry to the marriage, however,
'there is no exchange of wealth between families; the wife's dowry--land,
household furnishings or jewelry--typically remains her own property.
It seems then, that men buy wives but women don't buy husbands. Why is this?
And what is it that makes some women worth more than others?
In about half the societies studied by anthropologists, men must pay for
wives. These are generally patrilineal (~ ~) societies, where wealth is
passed down from father to son. Bride-price, also called bride-wealth, does
not occur as often in matrilineal societies, and men pass on their wealth to
their sisters' sons.
Are women worth less in these societies? "There is no human society in which
women are not considered valuable," says the University of Washington
anthropologist, Pierre van den Berghe, "They are the only means available to
the male for passing on his genes."
The men in a patrilineal society are willing to pay a very high price for
nubile (可以结婚的) virgins (处女). "With the bride-wealth, you purchase a woman's
future fertility," says vanden Berghe. If a woman already has children, she
may command less bride-wealth, and if she turns out to be infertile, her
family returns the husband's payment. Some anthropologists think
bride-wealth should really be called child-wealth.
Give short answers to the following questions and then write your answers on
Answer Sheet IL.
51.What is the passage mainly about?
52. In which society may a woman not necessarily receive bride-price?
53.Why should a man intending a marriage pay his bride-price in a
patrilineal society?
54.What will the bride's male relatives get in some society?
55. How is a woman's bride-wealth paid in a parilineal society under
different circumstances?
Part III English-Chinese Translation
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate it into
Chinese. You should write your translation clearly on ANSWER SHEET II. (15
points)
The World Bank was established toward the end of World War II as a new
international financial organization to provide long-term finance in the
difficult postwar period which lay ahead. The Bank came into operation in
June 1946 with a membership of 44 countries. By April 1962 membership had
risen to 75, and 15 other countries were applicants, most of which newly
independent African nations.
The Bank's first group of loans were made in 1947 to aid postwar
reconstruction in Western Europe. The Bank then turned to lending, to assist
the economic growth of the less developed countries in the world. These
development loans now reach almost US$6000 million. They have helped to lay
the foundation of economic progress in many countries, particularly by
assisting the development of electric power, transportation, industry and
agriculture.
AH payments of interest and principal due from the Bank's borrowers have
been received.
Part IV Writing Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then
answer the question in about 100- 120 words. Please write your answer
clearly on ANSWER SHEET II. (15 points)
THE IDEA OF SUMMER HILL
This is a story of a modern school-Summer hill. Summer hill began as an
experimental school. It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school,
for it demonstrates that freedom works. When my first wife and I began the
school, we had one main idea: to make the school fit the child--instead of
making the child fit the school. Obviously, a school that makes active
children sit at desks studying mostly useless subjects is abad school. It is
a good school only for those who believe in such a school, for those
uncreative citizens who want docile (顺从的), uncreative children who will fit
into a civilization whose standard of success is money.
I had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well.
I knew it was all wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult
conception of what a child should be and of how a child should learn.
Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children freedom
to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to abandon all discipline, all
direction, all suggestion, all moral training, all religious instruction. We
have been called brave, but it did not require courage. All it required was
what we had--a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil being.
My view is that a child is wise and realistic by nature. If left to himself
without adult suggestion of any kind, he will develop as far as he is
capable of developing. Logically, Summer hill is a place in which people who
have the natural ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars; while
those who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we
have not produced a street cleaner so far.
Question:
What are the likely differences between Summer hill and an ordinary school
and how do you comment on the differences? |
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2001年在职攻读教育硕士英语一试题答案（非英语专业） |
（A）参考答案
Part I 语法与词汇（20 points）
(1 point each)
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.C
(0.5 point each)
11.B 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.B
19.D 20.A 21.B 22.A 23.D 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.B
28.B 29.A 30.A
Part II 阅读理解（50 points）
(2 points each)
31.D 32.A 33.C 34.B 35.C 36.B 37.D 38.B 39.B
40.A 41.B 42.B 43.D 44.C 45.A 46.D 47.B 48.A
49.B 50.B
简答题（2 points each）
51.Women's bride-wealth or dowries in different cultures.
52.In a matrilineal society.
53.Because his bride is the only means available to him for passing on his
genes.
54.Tto purchase a woman's future fertility.
55.If she is a virgin, her groom should pay a very high price.
If she is a mother, she may command less bride-wealth
If she turns out to be infertile, her family should return her husband's
payment.
Part III 英译汉(15 points)
世界银行作为一个全新的国际金融机构于第二次世界大战临结束时成立，旨在在世界将面临的战后困难时期对外提供资助。世界银行于1946年6月正式开业。当时其成员国为44个。到1962年4月，其成员国已增至75个，并尚有15国在申请中。他们多半为新独立的非洲国家。世界银行的首批贷款于1947年向西欧国家发放，目的在于资助该地区的战后重建工作。此后，该行转为向世界上欠发达国家贷款，以资助他们的经济发展。用于发展经济的贷款现在已近60亿美圆。此类贷款尤其以资助贷款国电力、交通、工业和农业发展的方式，为许多国家的经济发展奠定了基础。世界银行袋款国到期应付的利息及本金悉数支付给该行。
Part IV 写作（略）（15 points）
2001年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考
教育硕士专业学位
英语（一）（B）参考答案
Part I 语法与词汇（20 points）
(1 point each)
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.A
(0.5 point each)
11.B 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.D 16.A 17.B 18.B
19.A 20.A 21.B 22.C 23.C 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.C
28.B 29.D 30.A
Part II 阅读理解（50 point）
(2 points each)
31.D 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.B
40.C 41.B 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.A 46.B 47.B 48.D
49.C 50.A
简答题（2 points each）
51.Women's bride-wealth or dowries in different cultures.
52.In a matrilineal society.
53.Because his bride is the only means available to him for passing on his
genes.
54.Tto purchase a woman's future fertility.
55.If she is a virgin, her groom should pay a very high price.
If she is a mother, she may command less bride-wealth
If she turns out to be infertile, her family should return her husband's
payment.
Part III 英译汉(15 points)
世界银行作为一个全新的国际金融机构于第二次世界大战临结束时成立，旨在在世界将面临的战后困难时期对外提供资助。世界银行于1946年6月正式开业。当时其成员国为44个。到1962年4月，其成员国已增至75个，并尚有15国在申请中。他们多半为新独立的非洲国家。世界银行的首批贷款于1947年向西欧国家发放，目的在于资助该地区的战后重建工作。此后，该行转为向世界上欠发达国家贷款，以资助他们的经济发展。用于发展经济的贷款现在已近60亿美圆。此类贷款尤其以资助贷款国电力、交通、工业和农业发展的方式，为许多国家的经济发展奠定了基础。世界银行袋款国到期应付的利息及本金悉数支付给该行。
Part IV 写作（略）（15 points） |
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