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2002年6月大学英语四级考试“词汇和语法”试题解析


Part III Vocabulary and Structure

Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B), C)and D).Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

41.You would be a risk to let your child go to school by mself.

A)omitting B)attaching C)affording D)running

【注释】本题考核固定搭配。“run /take a risk”意为“冒险”。除选项D以外,其余选项均不能与“a risk”搭配,因此正确答案为选项D。

【译文】你让你的小孩独自去上学,可要冒风险。

42.He is always here;it's you've never met him.

A)unique B)strange C)rare D)peculiar

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,空格处应填入表示“奇怪”之意的形容词,因此正确答案为选项B。 unique独特的;rare罕见的;peculiar异常的。

【译文】他总在这里,而你竟从未遇见过他,真是太奇怪了。

43.There has been agreat increase in retail sales, ?

A)does there B)isn't there C)hasn't there D)isn't it

【注释】本题考核反意疑问句。由于题句的陈述部分为“there be”结构,附加问句部分也应用“there”,又因为本题是现在完成时态,因此正确答案为选项C。

【译文】目前零售有很大的增长,是不是?

44.We'd like to a table for five for dinner this evening.

A)preserve B)reserve C)retain D)sustain

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。“reserve a table”意为“订餐”,符合题意,因此正确答案为选项B。preserve保护,保存;retain保留,保持;sustain供养,维持。

【译文】我们想预订今天的晚餐,一共五人。

45.Although a teenager,Fred could resist what to do and what not to do.

A)being told B)telling C)to be told D)to tell

【注释】本题考核动词resist的搭配关系。resist后只接动名词,不能接不定式。由此可排除C、D两个选项;根据句意,空白处应填入被动态的动名词。因此正确答案为选项A。

【译文】尽管弗雷德才十几岁,但他已能做到不任人摆布了。

46.The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have supplies of petroleum.

A)proficient C)potential B)efficient D)sufficient

【注释】sufficient意为“充足的,充分的”,符合题意,因此正确答案为选项D。proficient意为“熟练的,精通的”;efficient意为“有效的”;potential意为“潜在的”。

【译文】欧盟国家曾担心得不到充足的石油供应。

47.In fact,Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than in New York.

A)to stay B)stayed C)staying D)having stayed


【注释】本题考核“would rather...than”结构。这一结构意为“宁愿……;也不……”,在“would rather...than”结构中,必须注意than所连接的词项的对称,即than所连接的词项必须与前面的词项在词性或结构上相一致。此外,than后面通常省略与前面相同的词。例如:I am sure they would rather die than give up.我相信他们会宁死不屈。I'd rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home last night.我宁愿昨晚去看了戏,也不愿呆在家里。因此,正确答案为选项B。

【译文】事实上,彼得本希望去旧金山,不愿留在纽约。

48.He soon received promotion,for his superiors realized that he was a man of considerable .

A)ability C)possibility B)future D)opportunity

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。ability意为“能力”,符合题意,因此正确答案为选项A。future意为“未来”; possibility意为“可能性”;opportunity意为“机会”。

【译文】他很快得到了提升,因为他的上司意识到他很能干。

49.Britain has the highest of road traffic in the world—over 60cars for every mile of road.

A)popularity B)density C)intensity D)prosperity

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。density意为“密度”,符合题意,因此正确答案为选项B。popularity意为“通俗性”;intensity意为“强度”;prosperity意为“繁荣”。

【译文】英国是世界上公路交通密度最大的国家,每英里有60多辆车。

50.How is it your roommate's requestand yours are identical?

A)if B)so C)what D)that

【注释】本题考核连词的用法。根据句意,空格处应填入一个能引导主语从句作为实义主语的连词,因此正确答案为选项D。

【译文】你和你室友的要求怎么会完全相同呢?

51.In my opinion,he's the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets.

A)in all B)at best C)for all D)by far

【注释】本题考核形容词最高级的修饰语。四个选项中只有选项D)by far能够修饰形容词的最高级。因此正确答案为选项D。

【译文】在我看来,他是所有当代诗人中最富有想象力的。

52.He didn't have time to read the report word for word:he just it.

A)skimmed B)observed C)overlooked D)glanced

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。skimmed意为“浏览,略读”,符合题意,因此正确答案为选项A。observed意为“观察”;overlooked意为“忽视”;glanced意为“匆匆一看”。

【译文】他没有时间逐字看这份报告,只是浏览了一下。

53.The leader of the expedition everyone to follow his example.

A)promoted B)reinforced C)sparked D)inspired

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,空格处应填入一个能表示“鼓舞”之意的动词,因此正确答案为选项D。promote意为“促进”;reinforce意为“增强”;spark虽然也可作为“鼓舞”讲,但它的主语必须是物,不能是人。例如:Our success sparked us to fresh efforts.我们的成就鼓舞我们做进一步的努力。

【译文】探险队队长鼓舞大家学他的样子。

54.What a lovely party!It's worth all my life.

A)remembering B)to remember

C)to be remembered D)being remembered

【注释】本题考核句型“It is worth doing ...”。在这一特殊句型中,worth后面必须接主动态的动名词,表示被动意义。例如:The car isn't worth repairing.这辆汽车不值得修理。因此,正确答案为选项A。

【译文】这次聚会太好了,值得我永远记住。

55.Who would you rather with you,George or me?

A)going B)to go C)have gone D)went

【注释】本题考核“would rather”的搭配关系。“would rather”意为“宁愿……”,其后的宾语从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时。例如:I would rather George went withme.我宁愿乔治和我一起去。如果要针对句中的“George”提问,那就要说:Who would you rather went with you?由此可见,正确答案为选项D。

【译文】你愿意和谁一道去?乔治,还是我?


56.The goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching ,particularly between researchers and teachers.

A)intensive B)concise C)joint D)overall

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。overall意为“总的,全部的”,符合题意,因此正确答案为选项D。intensive意为“深入细致的”;concise意为“简明的”;joint意为“合办的,共有的”。

【译文】这本书总的目的是帮助建立研究与教学之间,特别是研究人员与教师之间的联系。

57.The owner and editor of the newspaper the conference.

A)were attending B)were to attend C)is to attend D)are to attend

【注释】本题考核主谓一致。句中主语“the owner and editor of the newspaper”意为“老板兼编辑”,系单数概念(同一人),谓语动词应用单数。因此,正确答案为选项C。如果句中主语改成“the owner and the editor of the newspaper”,意思也就变成“那家报纸的老板和编辑(两人)”,其后的谓语动词应用复数。

【译文】这家报纸的老板兼编辑将参加这次会议。

58.We left the meeting,there obviously no point in staying.

A)were B)being C)to be D)having

【注释】本题考核存在句的非限定形式。根据句意,本句中的“there be”结构作原因状语,因而应采用它的非限定形式,即在空格处填入“being”。因此,正确答案为选项B。

【译文】我们离开了会议,因为留下来显然毫无意义。

59.Their products are frequently overpriced and in quality.

A)influential B)inferior C)superior D)subordinate

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。inferior意为“(质量)差的,次的”,符合题意,因此,正确答案为选项B。influential意为“有影响的”;superior意为“(质量)优良的”; subordinate意为“从属的”。

【译文】他们的产品常常是价高质次。

60.The neighborhood boys like to play basketball on that lot.

A)valid B)vain C)vacant D)vague

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,空白处应填入一个形容词修饰lot,表示“空地”之意。因此,正确答案为选项C。valid意为“有效的”;vain意为“徒劳的”;vague意为“模糊的”。

【译文】邻居家的男孩子们喜欢在那块空地上打篮球。

61.These people once had fame and fortune ;now is left to them is utter poverty.

A)all that B)all what C)allwhich D)that all

【注释】本题考核定语从句。全句为一个用分号连接的并列句。后一分句的主语部分内含一个定语从句。由于all为先行词时,后接的定语从句必须用关系代词 that,因此,正确答案为选项A。

【译文】这些人曾经有过名望和财富;而如今(所留下的一切)却是一贫如洗。

62.To our ,Geoffrey's illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.

A)anxiety B)relief C)view D)judgment

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,空格处应填入一个名词构成能表示“使我们感到放心”之意的介词短语。因此,正确答案为选项B。anxiety意为“焦虑”;view意为“观点”;judge- ment意为“判断”。

【译文】使我们感到放心的是,杰弗里的病并没有像我们所担心的那样严重。

63.Many people like white color as it is a of purity.

A)symbol B)sign C)signal D)symptom

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。 symbol意为“象征”,符合题意,因此,正确答案为选项A。sign意为“符号,记号”;signal意为“信号”;symptom意为“症状”。

【译文】许多人喜欢白色,因为它是纯洁的象征。

64.The residents, had been damaged by the fire,were given help by the Red Cross.

A)all of their homes B)all their homes

C)whose all homes D)all of whose homes

【注释】本题考核定语从句。从四个选项中可以看出,all为 residents的同位语。根据题意, all之后应接一个定语从句,由此可排除选项A、B。选项C为错误的语法结构,all作为同位语不能置于关系代词whose之后。因此,正确答案为选项D。

【译文】那些住房全被大火烧毁的居民得到了红十字会的救济。

65.This research has attracted wide coverage and has featured on BBC television's Tomorrow's World.

A)message B)information C)media D)data

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。media意为“新闻媒体,传媒”,符合题意,因此,正确答案为选项C。message意为“留言,信息”;information意为“信息”;data意为“资料”。

【译文】这项研究吸引了新闻媒体的广泛注意,并且由BBC电视台“明日世界”栏目作了专题报道。

66.I would never have a court of law if I hadn't been so desperate.

A)sought for B)accounted for C)turned up D)resorted to

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,句中空格处应填入一个意为“求助于”的短语动词过去分词,选项D)resorted to正好符合要求,因此正确答案为选项D。sought for意为“寻找,探索”;accounted for意为“为……提出理由”;turned up意为“出现”。

【译文】我要不是实在没有办法的话,是不会去打这场官司的。

67.Investigators agreed that passengers on the airliner at the very moment of the crash.

A)should have died B)must be dying C)must have died D)ought to die

【注释】本题考核“情态动词must +不定式完成式”的用法。“情态动词must+不定式完成式”可以表示对过去某事的肯定推测。例如:There's nobody here—they must have all gone home.这里一个人也没有———他们必定全都回家了。因此,根据句意,正确答案为选项C。

【译文】调查人员都认为,这架大型客机上的乘客在飞机坠毁时就已全部遇难

68.The energy by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.

A)transferred B)released C)delivered D)conveyed

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,空格处应填入一个能表示“释放”之意的过去分词,因此正确答案为选项B。transfer意为“转移”;deliver意为“投递”; convey意为“传达,表达”。

【译文】连锁化学反应所释放出来的能量转化成了热量。

69. their work will give us a much better feel for the wide differences between the two schools of thought.

A)To have reviewed B)Having reviewed

C)Reviewing D)Being reviewed

【注释】本题考核动名词作主语的用法。根据句意,句中空格处应填入一个能充当主语的主动态动名词,因此正确答案为选项C。

【译文】重温他们的著作将使我们更加深切地感受到这两个学派之间的分歧。

70.During the process,great care has to be taken to protect the silk from damage.

A)sensitive B)tender C)delicate D)sensible

【注释】本题考核词义辨析。根据句意,句中空格处应填入一个能表示“纤柔”之意的形容词,因此正确答案为选项C。其余选项意为:sensitive敏感的;tender嫩的;sensible感觉得到的。

【译文】在加工过程中,要特别注意保护纤柔的丝绸不受损坏。品黄黑MYK

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