我看到的一个统计资料反映,美国对高技术产品的严格管制导致很多有优势的美国公司丧失了在中国的潜在市场机会:2001年至2011年,中国进口高技术产品从560亿美元增至4630亿美元,年均增幅23.5%。同一时期自美国进口的高技术产品,则由2001年占中国高技术产品进口总额的16.7%降到2011年的6.3%。如果美国2011年对华高技术产品出口能够保持2001年的比重,则美国对华出口额可增加近500亿美元。由此可见,放宽对华出口管制对美国有很大好处。扭转中美贸易不平衡,最有效的办法不是限制中国对美出口,而是要扩大美国对华出口。
Some statistics I have read indicate that tight US control on high-tech exports has deprived many competitive US companies of the opportunity to enter the Chinese market. Between 2001 and 2011, China’s import of high-tech products increased from US$56 billion to US$463 billion, up by 23.5% annually. Yet in the same period, the share of US high-tech products in China’s total high-tech imports dropped from 16.7% to 6.3%. If in 2011, the share of US products in China’s total high-tech imports had been kept at the 2001 level, then the US exports to China would have increased by as much as US$50 billion. It is clear that relaxing export control on China is highly beneficial to the United States, and that the most effective way to address China-US trade imbalance is to expand US exports to China, not to restrict China’s exports to the United States.
第二,营造良好环境,提高双向投资水平。2001年中国加入世界贸易组织以来,全面履行入世承诺,在清理修订法律法规、大幅降低外资准入门槛、全面开放对外贸易经营权、反对各种形式的保护主义方面做了大量工作。特别是中国企业同美国企业一样,凭借自身艰苦努力,依靠不断创新和公平竞争,使自己的产品在国际市场上赢得了更多买家。今后,我们还将继续拓展对外开放广度和深度,鼓励一切在华企业,包括在华外资企业,在中国国内市场上公平竞争、积极创新,在赢得市场的同时推动技术进步和社会发展。鼓励创新离不开对知识产权的保护。当前,中国正在着力营造更加公开透明的法律政策环境,继续从司法和行政两个方面加强知识产权保护,包括建立副总理级的知识产权保护协调机制,为本国企业和在华外资企业提供更加安全的经营环境。我们也希望美方继续为中国企业赴美投资创造公平、便利的环境,客观理性看待中国企业的投资行为,避免政治因素干扰经济合作,保证投资安全审查的公开、公正、透明,加紧推动双边投资协定谈判进程,增强中国企业对美投资的信心。
Second, we need to foster a sound environment and raise the level of two-way investment. China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001. Since then, China has fully implemented its WTO commitments. We have made tremendous efforts to revise laws and regulations, substantially lower the threshold for foreign investment, liberalize access to foreign trade operation and oppose protectionism in various forms. Chinese companies, like their American counterparts, have won more international customers through hard work, innovation and fair competition. We will promote greater opening-up of China’s economy, and continue to encourage all companies in China, foreign-invested ones included, to engage in fair competition and pursue innovation in the Chinese market, so that they will not only get a bigger share of the market, but also contribute to technological progress and social development. IPR protection provides the incentive for innovation. China is taking steps to build a more open and transparent legal and policy environment. We are strengthening IPR protection through a mixture of judicial and administrative means, including the establishment of a vice-premier-level coordination mechanism for IPR protection, in order to provide a safer business environment for both domestic and foreign-invested enterprises. We hope that the United States will continue to offer a fair and convenient environment for Chinese enterprises investing in America, adopt an objective and sensible approach to investment by Chinese enterprises, and make sure that political factors do not interfere with economic cooperation.
We hope that the United States will keep its security review of foreign investment open, fair and transparent, speed up the negotiation process on the bilateral investment agreement, and make Chinese companies feel more confident about investing in the United States.
第三,拓展合作领域,培育新的经贸增长点。继续推进产业转型升级,深化经济结构调整,是中美塑造各自发展新模式的共同战略取向。希望两国企业敏锐抓住两国产业结构调整的契机,加快推动在清洁能源、信息技术、电动汽车、新材料、医药和医疗器械、再制造等新兴领域开展合作,为深化经贸合作注入新的动力。我们要鼓励两国企业加强在高铁、公路、港口、桥梁、智能电网、体育和医疗中心、宜居社区等领域的项目建设、融资,以及技术交流等方面合作。希望在座的中美两国企业家更加积极地参与其中,不断探索新的合作方式和途径,努力把新的合作机遇变成更多实实在在的合作成果。
Third, we need to expand cooperation and foster new growth areas in China-US business relations. It is the common strategic choice of both China and the United States to promote industrial upgrading and economic restructuring as the two countries endeavor to shape their respective new growth models. I hope that enterprises from the two sides will seize the opportune moment of industrial restructuring in both countries and step up cooperation in such emerging sectors as clean energy, information technology, electric vehicles, new materials, pharmaceuticals and medical equipment and remanufacturing. By so doing, we will add fresh impetus to China-US business cooperation. We should encourage our enterprises to intensify cooperation in the construction and financing of high-speed rail, highway, ports, bridges, smart grids, sports and medical centers and livable communities, and strengthen exchanges in related technologies. I hope the Chinese and American business leaders present today will take a more active part in such cooperation. We encourage you to explore new ways and means of cooperation and translate opportunities into greater benefits.
第四,共同应对挑战,加强全球治理合作。中方愿同美方保持和加强在应对国际金融危机、多哈回合谈判、国际货币基金组织改革等全球性经贸问题上的沟通和协调,发挥负责任、建设性大国作用,共同应对各种地区性、全球性挑战,推动落实二十国集团领导人戛纳峰会取得的积极成果,共同为加强全球治理体系改革、维护和促进世界经济稳定和持续发展作出贡献。中美两国也要继续加强在亚太区域合作中的沟通和协调,构建中美在亚太地区的良性互动、互利共赢格局。
Fourth, we need to work together to address challenges and strengthen cooperation in global governance. China stands ready to maintain and strengthen communication and coordination with the United States on global economic issues, such as fighting the international financial crisis, advancing the Doha Round negotiations and reforming the International Monetary Fund. We should play a responsible and constructive role as big countries and work together to tackle regional and global challenges, implement the positive outcomes of the G20 Cannes Summit, and contribute our share to the reform of the global governance system and steady and sustained growth of the world economy. The two countries should also step up communication and coordination on Asia-Pacific regional cooperation and build a pattern of cooperation between China and the United States in the Asia-Pacific featuring positive interactions and win-win outcomes.