iBT新托福重点考察词汇：ancient
１）belonging to times long past 古代的; 远古的: ancient civilizations 古代的文明. （托福考试里几乎只考过这一个意思）
　　(usu joc 通常作戏谑语) very old 极老的
　　EG：I feel pretty ancient when I see how the younger generation behaves. 看到年轻一代的举止行为, 我觉得我太老了
　　２）the ancients n [pl]
　　people who lived in ancient times, esp the Greeks and Romans （尤指希腊及罗马的）古人.
　　ancient `history history of the Greek and Roman civilizations 古代史（希腊及罗马文明史）.
　　ancient `monument (Brit) old building, etc recognized by the Government as worth preserving 古迹 （尤指英国政府认为值得保存的古代建筑物）.

iBT新托福重点考察词汇：cave
１）cave　/ keɪv; kev/ n
　　hollow place in the side of a cliff or hill, or underground 洞穴.
　　２）cave v
　　[I] (usu 通常作 go caving) explore caves as a sport 洞穴探险运动
　　eg：He likes caving. 他喜欢洞穴探险运动.
　　(phr v) cave in fall inwards; collapse 塌陷; 坍方; 坍塌
　　eg：The roof of the tunnel caved in (on the workmen). 隧道顶坍塌（压住工人）.
　　 eg：(fig 比喻) All opposition to the scheme has caved in. 所有反对这一计划的意见都否定了.
　　cave-dweller n = caveman.
　　cave-in n sudden collapse of a roof, etc （屋顶等）突然坍塌.
　　３）caveman / ˈkeɪvmn; ˋkevˏmæn/ n (pl -men / ˈkeɪvmen; ˋkevˏmɛn/)
　　1 person living in caves, esp in prehistoric times 穴居人（尤指史前时代的）.
　　2 (infml 口) man of crude or violent feelings and behaviour 野蛮人; 粗野的人.

iBT新托福重点考察词汇：process
[C] series of actions or operations performed in order to do, make or achieve sth 步骤; 程序; 过程
　　eg：Unloading the cargo was a slow process. 卸货的过程很缓慢.
　　eg：Reforming the education system will be a difficult process. 改革教育制度将是一个艰难的过程.
　　eg：Teaching him Greek was a painful (ie slow and difficult) process. 教他希腊文是很吃力的事.
　　[C] method, esp one used in industry to make sth 方法; （尤指）工艺流程
　　eg：the Bessemer process of steel production 贝塞麦炼钢法
　　eg：They have developed a new process for rustproofing car bodies. 他们研究出了车身抗?的新方法.
　　[C] (series of) changes, esp ones that happen naturally and unconsciously 变化（过程）（尤指自然发生的和不知不觉的）
　　the processes of digestion/the digestive processes 消化过程
　　the process of growing old 逐渐变老的过程.
　　[C] (law 律) (a) legal action; lawsuit 诉讼. (b) summons; writ 传票; 法院令状.
　　[C] (biology 生) small projecting part of a plant or of the body of an animal （动植物体上的）小的凸起部分, 突, 突起.
　　(idm 习语) in the `process while doing sth previously mentioned 在进行中
　　eg：I started moving the china ornaments but dropped a vase in the process. 我动手搬那些瓷制饰物, 但在移动时摔了一只花瓶
　　in the process of sth/doing sth performing a particular task 在从事某任务的过程中
　　eg：We’re still in the process of moving house. 我们还正在搬着家呢.
　　２）process v [Tn]
　　1 put (a raw material, food, etc) through an industrial or manufacturing process in order to change it; treat 对（原材料﹑ 食物等）进行加工; 处理: process leather to make it softer 鞣制皮革使其变得柔软
　　eg： processed cheese, ie specially treated to preserve it经加工的乾酪（以便保存）
　　process (ie develop) photographic film 冲洗摄影胶片.
　　2 deal with (a document, etc) officially 审查, 审阅, 处理（文件等）
　　eg：It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed. 审查你的申请书也许要等几个星期.
　　3 perform operations on (sth) in a computer 用计算机处理（某事物）
　　eg：How fast does the new micro process the data? 这新微型计算机处理数据有多快?
　　 processor n machine that processes things 加工机械; 处理机: a food processor 食品加工机
　　３）/ prəˈses; proˋsɛs/ v [I, Ipr, Ip]
　　walk or movve (as if) in procession 列队（似地）行进或移动
　　eg：The bishops, priests and deacons processed into the cathedral. 主教﹑司铎以及助祭列队走进大教堂.

iBT新托福重点考察词汇：physical
physical这个单词指的就是我们的“身体的”，这个意项是每一位考友几乎都知道的。此时二丫已经翘起了自己的嘴角，开口道：我还知道有“物理的”意思。什么是“物理的”？这个就有学问了。此物理，非彼“物理”physical这个“物理的”并不是单纯的指物理实验里面的物理，而更多的是指“客观存在的”，因此，我们的台灯是物理的，吹拂在吉娃娃身上的风是物理的，就连随风吹走的无老师的100块钱都是物理的-_-！！！
　　of or concerning material things (contrasted with moral or spiritual matters) 物质的（与道德的或精神的相对）
　　the physical world, universe, etc 物质世界﹑ 宇宙等.
　　(a) of the body 身体的; 肉体的
　　physical fitness, well-being, strength, etc 健康﹑ 安康﹑ 体力
　　physical exercise, eg walking, running, playing sports 体育活动
　　physical education, eg athletics, gymnastics, games, etc 体育(Brit infml 口)
　　 physical jerks, ie gymnastics 体操.
　　(b) bodily 身体的
　　physical presence 亲临.
　　of or according to the laws of nature 自然规律的; 按自然法则的
　　eg：It is a physical impossibility to be in two places at once. 同时身处两地在自然法则上是不可能的.
　　physical necessity 自然法则的必然性.
　　[attrib 作定语] of the natural features of the material world 物质世界的自然特徵的
　　physical geography, ie geography of the earth’s structure 自然地理学
　　a physical map, ie one showing mountains, rivers, etc 自然地理图.
　　[attrib 作定语] of or concerning physics 物理的; 物理学的
　　physical chemistry, ie use of physics in the study of chemistry 物理化学
　　physical science 物理学.
　　(infml euph 口, 婉) using violence; treating roughly 使用暴力的; 粗暴对待的
　　eg：Are you going to co-operate or do we have to get physical? 你是跟我们合作呢还是要我们动武?
　　２）physical n (infml 口) medical examination to see if one is fit 体格检查.
　　３）physically / -klɪ; -klɪ/ adv
　　(a) bodily 身体上
　　physically exhausted, fit, handicapped 身体疲劳﹑ 健康﹑ 残疾
　　attack sb physically 攻击某人身体.
　　(b) according to the laws of nature 根据自然法则
　　physically impossible 按照自然法则不可能.

iBT新托福重点考察词汇：object
1）object　/ ˈɔbdʒɪkt; ˋɑbdʒɪkt/ n
　　solid thing that can be seen and touched 可见到及可触摸的实物; 物体: glass, wooden and plastic objects 玻璃﹑木质和塑料的物体
　　eg：There were several objects on the floor of the room. 房间的地板上有几样东西.
　　~ of sth person or thing to which sth is done or some feeling or thought is directed 对象, 客体（行为﹑ 感觉或思想所及的人或物）
　　an object of attention, pity, admiration, etc 注意﹑ 怜悯﹑ 欣赏等的对象
　　eg：This church is the main object of his interest. 他最感兴趣的是这座教堂.
　　eg：The sole object of all the child's affection was a soft toy. 那孩子最心爱的东西是个柔软的玩具.
　　thing aimed at; intention; purpose 目标; 意向; 目的
　　with the object of going into business 有打入工商业的意向
　　with no object in life 无生活目标
　　fail/succeed in one's object 在追求个人目的方面失败[成功]
　　eg：His one object in life is to earn as much money as possible. 他生活的目标就是尽可能多挣钱.
　　(infml 口 esp Brit) person or thing of strange appearance, esp if ridiculous 怪模怪样的人或物（尤指可笑者）
　　eg：What an object you look in that old hat! 你戴着那顶帽子, 样子可真怪!
　　(grammar) noun, noun phrase or noun clause which refers to a person, thing, etc affected by the action of a verb, or which depends on a preposition, eg in He took the money and He took what he wanted, `the money' and `what he wanted' are direct objects; in I gave him the money, `him' is an indirect object; and in I received the money from her, `her' is a prepositional object 宾语（受动词影响的或受介词限制的人或事物, 由名词﹑名词词组或名词从句充任, 如在He took the money和He took what he wanted两句中, the money和what he wanted是直接宾语; 在I gave him the money句中, him是间接宾语; 在I received the money from her句中, her是介词宾语）.
　　(idm 习语) expense, money, etc no `object expense, etc is not important, not a limiting factor, etc 费用﹑ 钱等并不重要﹑不是限制因素等
　　eg：He always travels first class expense is no object. 他出门总是用头等票–费用不成问题.
　　object glass, object lens = objective2.
　　object lesson practical illustration of some principle, often given or used as a warning 实际教训
　　eg：Let this accident be an object lesson in the ddangers of drinking and driving. 这一事故可以作为醉酒驾驶危害的实际教训
　　２）object　/ əbˈdʒekt; əbˋdʒɛkt/ v
　　[I, Ipr] ~ (to sb/sth) say that one is not in favour (of sb/sth); protest 不赞成（某人[某事]）; 反对; 抗议
　　eg：She wanted to cut down the hedge, but her neighbour objected. 她想把树篱剪低些, 可是邻居不同意.
　　eg：I object to such treatment /to being treated like this. 对这种待遇[受到这样的待遇]我表示抗议.
　　eg：I object to the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive. 我反对该项计画, 理由是花费太大.
　　[Tn, Tf] give (sth) as a reason for opposing sb/sth 以（某事物）为理由反对某人[某事物]
　　eg：I objected that he was too young for the job. 我反对的理由是因为他太年轻, 不适合做那件工作.
　　eg：But he's too young,' I objected. ‘但是他太年轻了, 我表示了反对意见.
　　３）objector n person who objects 反对者; 抗议者
　　objectors to the plans for a new motorway 反对修筑新高速公路计画的人
　　conscientious objectors 拒服兵役者（因觉不合道义）

iBT新托福重点考察词汇：landscape
[C] scenery of an area of land （陆上）风景, 景色
　　a bleak urban landscape 单调的市区景色
　　Mountains dominate the Welsh landscape. 重峦叠嶂构成威尔士的主要景色.
　　(a) [C] picture showing a view of the countryside 野外风景画
　　an exhibition of landscapes by local artists 本地画家的野外风景画展.
　　(b) [U] this type of art 风景绘画.
　　(idm 习语) a blot on the landscape => blot.
　　andscape v
　　[Tn] improve the appearance of (a garden, park, etc) by means of landscape gardening 用园林艺术美化（花园﹑ 公园等）.
　　landscape gardening laying out a garden, etc in a way that imitates natural scenery 造园术; 园林艺术.