定语从句中关系代词that的用法

1）在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面。
例如：They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.

2）在限制性定语从句中有形容词最高级的先行词后面。
例如：He is the best student that I have ever met.

3）在以“It is……”,“It was……”等开头的强调句中，和相应的疑问句中。

4）在only, all, little的后面
例如：This is all that I know.

5）在no, every, some和any等词后面，也包括在它们的复合词在内。
例如：There is no person that is always in the right.
Is there anything that I can do for you?

近义词辨析

beautiful, good looking, handsome, lovely, pretty这组词均含有“美丽”、“漂亮”、“可爱”的意思。

beautiful

指能不仅给人带来感官上的快乐，而且通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦，在同类词中层次最高。
例句：She was even more beautiful than I had remembered.她比我记忆中的她更漂亮了。

good looking

不如handsome, pretty意思强烈，指一般的“好看”或“悦目”。
例句：That good looking young man visited the house once or twice a week.那个长相不错的年轻人一星期光顾一两次。

handsome

通常是一种客观的不带感情色彩的评价。一个人如被形容为handsome,是指此人外貌符合观察者的要求，但不激发更深层的感受。
例句：He looked very handsome in his dark suit.他穿深色西装显得非常英俊。

lovely

比感官的快乐更进一步，是强调纯粹情感上的愉悦，指觉得某人或某物“可爱”。
例句：Mary has two lovely daughters.玛丽有两个可爱的女儿。

pretty

也是“漂亮、可爱”的意思。很少形容大而有影响力的事物，多形容事物不以其优秀、完美而以小巧、优雅、精致见长，使人容易接受并喜爱。
例句：Her boyfriend believes that she is the prettiest girl in the town.她男朋友觉得她是镇上最漂亮的女孩。
全真模拟试题

1. Evidence came up ____ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.

A. what
B. that
C. which
D. whose

2. I understand ____ preparation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline.

A. more than the enormous amount of
B. better than most the enormous number of
C. better than most the enormous amount of
D. fewer than the number of

3. I'm sure your suggestion will ____ the problem.

A. contribute to solving
B. be contributed to solve
C. contribute to solve
D. be contributed to solving

4. In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented ______ proper seating at the World's Anti slavery convention in London because of their sex.

A. refusing
B. to be refused
C. being refused
D. having refused

5. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ____ before the West was settled.

A. could
B. did
C.would
D. was

答案及详解：

1. B

句意：有证据表明，小至六个月的婴儿就能识别具体的声音。
难点：evidence后面的同位语从句被全句的谓语动词came up隔开，同位语从句须由that引导，所以B项正确。

2. C
句意：我比多数人更能理解员工们在最后期限的压力下所做的大量准备工作。
难点：understand better than……意为“对…非常理解”。preparation是不可数名词，须用amount修饰，故选C。

3. A

句意：我相信你的建议将有助于问题的解决。
难点：contribute to意为“有助于，促成”，to是介词，所以后面应接名词或动名词，故选A。

4. C

句意：1840年，露克里蒂安莫特和伊丽莎白凯蒂斯坦顿因为他们的性别而没有得到伦敦世界废奴大会的席位，他们对此表示愤慨。
难点：resent后接名词或动名词作宾语，根据句意的要求，应使用动名词的被动语态形式，故选C。

5. B
句意：作为一个国家来说，美国将不再具有开拓西部前所具有的那种冒险精神。
难点：从意义来看，空格应填had,但主句中have是实义动词，为避免重复，可用助动词do替代，即用did替代had,故B为答案。
6. You should have put the milk into the icebox, I expect it ____undrinkable.

A. became
B.had become
C. has become
D. becomes

7. It's no good ___ him. He is always indifferent towards others' matters.

A. to turn to
B. turning to
C. turn to
D. turned to

8. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ____

A. than more on efficiency
B. and more on efficiency
C. and more efficiency
D. than efficiency

9. She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children ____ it by mistake.

A. took
B. should take
C. had taken
D. would take

10. The earnings of women are well below that of men ____educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.

A. although
B.though
C. despite of
D. in spite of

答案及详解：

6. C

句意：你本该把牛奶放到冰里。我想现在这牛奶不能喝了。
难点：从句意分析，牛奶已经变质，不能喝了，属过去发生的动作对现在造成影响，再加上by now是现在完成时的典型时间状语，故选C

7. B

句意：向他求助没用，他对别人的事总是漠不关心。
难点：It is no good doing sth是一个常见的句型，意为“做…没用”，no good后面应接动名词形式。

8. B

句意：有些公司采用弹性工作时间制，更注重效率，而不是压力。
难点：pressure和efficiency处于并列的位置，所以正确答案是B。and more on efficiency,即more（emphasis） on efficiency.

9. B

句意：她总是把自己的药放到搁架上以免孩子错拿。
难点：lest意为“以免”，后接虚拟语气should 动词原形。

10. D

句意：尽管两性之间所受教育的差别正在缩小，妇女的收入仍大大低于男人的收入。
难点：四个选项中只有in spite of后可接名词，despite不能和of连用，although和though是连词，后接从句。
11. Many automobile accidents were ____ careless driving.

A. attributed to
B. resulted in
C. contributed to
D. raised from

12. The actress wanted a hat to ____ her dress.

A. go by
B. go through
C. go out
D. go with

13. It takes a lot of___to put on a school play such as King Lear.

A. organization
B. arrangement
C. management
D. preparation

14. The police carried out a（n）____ search for the mising boy.

A. complete
B. entire
C. thorough
D. whole

15. The ____crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London.

A. valued
B. valueless
C. invaluable
D. usable

答案及详解：

11. A

句意：许多汽车交通事故都起因于莽撞驾车。
难点：attribute to意为“把…归因于；contribute to意为”有助于，促成“；result in意为”导致，结果造成“；raise from不是固定搭配。

12. D

句意：那个女演员想要一个与她的连衣裙相配的帽子。
难点：go with意为“与…相配”；go by意为“根据…作出判断”；gothrough意为“通过；经历”；go out意为“过时”。

13. A

句意：上演《李尔王》这样一部校园剧需要大量的组织工作。
难点：organization意为“组织（行为）”；arrangement意为“安排”；management意为“经营，管理”；preparation意为“准备（状态）；准备工作”。

14. C

句意：警方为寻找失踪的男孩进行了一次彻底搜寻。
难点：thorough意为“彻底的”；complete意为“完全的，全部的”；entire意为“整个的，全部的”；whole意为“全体的，全部的”。

15. C

句意：那些无价的皇冠珠宝保存在伦敦塔里。
难点：invaluable意为“非常宝贵的，无价的”；valued意为“受重视的；宝贵的”；valueless意为“没有价值的，毫无用处的”；usable意为“可用的，能用的”。