1. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage –--a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形) children or even grandchildren.

问题是很难明确辐射的伤害—一个人可能感觉良好，但他(她)的性器官细胞可能受到损伤，而且有些直到生下畸形儿甚至是畸形孙儿才会被发现。

 

2. In the end , only 7 out of 19 regular Cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all for trails. The diet-Cola drinkers did a little worse – only 7 of 27 identified all four sample correctly. 

最后，只有7/19的传统可乐爱好者正确地辨别出了他们的品牌，而低糖可乐爱好者水平更差—只有7/27的人辩出了四种混合的品牌。

 

3. Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. 

口味是个非常主观的问题，所以对于食物我们一般不进行偏好测试。

 

4. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. 

区分周围的环境或者有机物体，以及分辨作用于有机物的影响力是生物内部的还是来自于外部环境的，看起来非常简单。

 

5. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the orgainism and vice versa

但是在实际中这套系统在很多方面失败了，因为有机物和环境在不断相互作用，所以环境在不断被有机物修改，反过来也是一样。

6. In the case of man, the difficulties with the environment concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer(持有者) of culture. 

对于人类来说，环境概念的问题更加复杂。因为我们不得不把人类当为动物，又不得不把人当为文化的持有者来对待。

 

7. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors.

如果我们将人类看作动物来尝试解释作用在有机物上的环境影响力的话，我们不得不处理像气候，土壤，植物和一些对于所有生物环境来说共同的因素，但我们也发现，“文化”的影响也非常重大，它可以改变物理和生物因素。

 

8. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment. 

所以我们很容易在对待文化的问题上陷入困境，有时候，我们将其看作人类的一部分，有时候，又作为环境的一部分。

 

9. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. 

因为不了解这些你那里他们的能力已经进步了，他们认为在这个方面新一代的年轻人肯定没有希望了。

 

10 Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generation phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it natrually follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.

既然这种关于英语语言的衰退的担忧并不被看作一个一代人的现象，而是特指对于今天的年轻人的一种新现象，所以可以很自然地认为现在的英语老师工作做得不好。