【原文1】

中国将加速节能产业的发展，使其到2015年成为国民经济的支柱产业。国务院(the State Council)曾在一份声明中承诺要推进技术创新,扩大人们对节能产品的需求，推动坏保服务产业的发展。国务院表示,节能产业的产出价值到2015年将达到4.5万亿元,平均年增长15%。政府将起主导作用，并允许非国有资本投资节能项目。中国已承诺到2020年，将每单位GDP的碳排放量在2005年的基础上减少40%—45%。

 

【解析】 

1.加速节能产业的发展:“节能产业”可译为energy saving industry。

2.国民经济的支柱产业:可译为a pillar of the national economy。

3.承诺要推进技术创新，扩大人们对节能产品的需求，推动环保服务产业的发展:此处“承诺”可译为vow; “推进”可翻译为spur;“妒大”可翻译为 expand;“推动”可翻译为boost。

 

【参考答案】

China will speed up development of the energy-saving industry and make it a pillar of the national economy by 2015.The State Council vowed in a statement to spur technological innovation，expand demand for energy-saving products and boost the environmental-protection service industry.According to the State Council, the value of the energy-saving industry’s output will reach 4.5 trillion yuan by 2015,with an average annual growth rate of 15 percent.The govemment will play a leading role and allow the non-state capital to invest in energy-saving projects.China has committed to reducing its carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 compared with the number in 2005.

 

【原文2】

中国经济被称为“发展中的市场经济”。发展中的市场经济是指经济的重点放在劳动力、商品和服务领域，并由供需关系决定。中国经济在过去几年中一直呈增长态势，每年平均增长率约为10%。因为经济的持续发展，中国的贫困率已经降低。在过去30年里，人均收入(per capita income)增长超过了8%。由于2008年的经济变迁，许多私营企业被迫倒闭。正是由于这个原因，国有经济必须要发展。

 

【解析】 

1.发展中的市场经济是指经济的重点放在劳动力、商品和服务领域，并由供需关系决定:该句可使用定语从句进行翻译，其中“重点放在”可译为put emphasis on sth.;“供需关系”即“供应和需求”，可翻译为supply and demand。

2.因为经济的持续发展，中国的贫困率已经降低:“经济的持续发展”可译为economy continues to develop; “贫困率”可用 the poverty rate来表达。

3.由于2008年的经济变迁，许多私营企业被迫倒闭:“2008年的经济变迁”可用economic changes in 2008来表达；“私营企业”可译为private enterprises。

 

【参考答案】

The economy of China is known as a “developing market economy”.A developing market economy refers to one that puts emphasis on the areas of labor, goods and services, which is set by supply and demand. The economic growth in China has been increasing over the last few years. The average annual growth rate is about 10%. Because its economy continues to develop, the poverty rate in China has decreased. Per capita income has increased over the last three decades by more than 8%.Because of economic changes in 2008, many of the private enterprises were forced to close. It was due to this problem that the national economy had to expand.