二十国集团领导人第十次峰会于当地时间15日至16日在土耳其安塔利亚举行。峰会发表公报，全文如下：

 

二十国集团领导人安塔利亚峰会公报

（2015年11月15－16日）

 

G20 Leaders' Communiqué

Antalya Summit, 15-16 November 2015

 

 

1．我们，二十国集团领导人，于2015年11月15日至16日在安塔利亚举行会议，决定采取共同行动，以实现包容和稳健增长，增加人民福祉。我们决心坚定，致力于创造更多、更高质量就业，促进全球强劲、可持续和平衡增长。我们认识到，要推进包容性增长和增强信心，需要运用所有政策工具并同关键利益攸关方紧密互动。

1. We, the Leaders of the G20, met in Antalya on 15-16 November 2015 to determine further collective actions towards achieving strong, sustainable and balanced growth to raise the prosperity of our people. We are firm in our resolve to ensure growth is robust and inclusive, and delivers more and better quality jobs. We recognize that advancing inclusive growth and entrenching confidence require the use of all policy tools and strong engagement with all stakeholders.

 

2．为了实现目标，今年我们围绕3个支柱制定了全面议程，即坚定落实我们已有承诺、促进投资增强增长动力、提高我们行动的包容性以确保共享增长红利。作为落实这一议程的一部分，我们还加强同低收入发展中国家的对话。

2. In pursuing our objectives, we have adopted a comprehensive agenda this year around the three pillars of decisive implementation of our past commitments to deliver on our promises, boosting investments as a powerful driver of growth and promoting inclusiveness in our actions so that the benefits of growth are shared by all. We have also enhanced our dialogue with low income developing countries as part of our implementation of this agenda.

 

 

3．尽管一些主要经济体增长前景趋好，但当前全球经济增长仍不均衡，持续低于预期。国际金融市场依然存在诸多风险和不确定性，地缘政治方面的挑战日益成为全球关注的问题。此外，全球需求不足和结构性问题持续影响实际和潜在增长。

3. Global economic growth is uneven and continues to fall short of our expectations, despite the positive outlook in some major economies. Risks and uncertainties in financial markets remain, and geopolitical challenges are increasingly becoming a global concern. In addition, a shortfall in global demand and structural problems continue to weigh on actual and potential growth.

 

4．我们将继续以合作的方式实施稳健的宏观经济政策，以实现强劲、可持续、平衡增长。我们的货币政策当局将根据其授权，继续确保价格稳定，支持经济活动。我们重申将根据近期经济形势灵活地实施财政政策，以支持经济增长并创造就业，同时将政府债务占GDP比重维持在可持续水平。我们将考虑预算收支结构，以支持生产率、包容性和经济增长。我们将继续致力于促进全球再平衡。我们将谨慎调整各项政策行动并保持清晰沟通，特别是在主要货币政策和其他政策决定等方面，以减少不确定性，使负面溢出效应最小化，并提高透明度。我们还将确保建立强有力的全球金融安全网。在大规模资本流动波动引发风险的背景下，我们将通过合适的框架促进金融稳定，包括确保全球金融安全网充分发挥作用，同时享受金融全球化带来的好处。我们重申此前的汇率承诺，并将抵制任何形式的保护主义。

4. We will continue to implement sound macroeconomic policies in a cooperative manner to achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth. Our monetary authorities will continue to ensure price stability and support economic activity, consistent with their mandates. We reiterate our commitment to implement fiscal policies flexibly to take into account near-term economic conditions, so as to support growth and job creation, while putting debt as a share of GDP on a sustainable path. We will also consider the composition of our budget expenditures and revenues to support productivity, inclusiveness and growth. We remain committed to promote global rebalancing. We will carefully calibrate and clearly communicate our actions, especially against the backdrop of major monetary and other policy decisions, to mitigate uncertainty, minimize negative spillovers and promote transparency. Against the background of risks arising from large and volatile capital flows, we will promote financial stability through appropriate frameworks, including by ensuring an adequate global financial safety net, while reaping the benefits of financial globalization. We reaffirm our previous exchange rate commitments and will resist all forms of protectionism.

 

5．我们仍然致力于实现富有雄心的目标，即我们去年在布里斯班峰会上宣布的，到2018年使G20整体GDP额外增长2%。我们的首要任务是及时、有效地实施增长战略，包括采取措施支持需求和结构性改革，提升实际和潜在增长，创造就业，增强包容性，减少不平等。去年以来，我们在兑现承诺方面已取得重大进展，在布里斯班所作的承诺已兑现近一半。国际货币基金组织（IMF）、经合组织（OECD）和世界银行的分析显示，我们目前落实的政策措施已完成我们集体增长的三分之一以上。然而我们也承认，实现目标还需进一步努力。我们将更加努力，迅速采取行动，加快落实承诺。下一步，我们将继续通过今年制定的强有力框架，密切监测各项承诺的落实情况。同时，我们还将继续审议并调整增长战略，尤其是结构性改革议程，以确保增长战略与不断变化的经济形势、结构性挑战和政策重点相适应，并符合我们共同的增长目标。安塔利亚行动计划包括调整后的增长战略以及主要承诺的落实计划，体现了我们战胜全球经济挑战的决心。

5. We remain committed to achieving our ambition to lift collective G20 GDP by an additional 2 percent by 2018 as announced in Brisbane last year. Our top priority is timely and effective implementation of our growth strategies that include measures to support demand and structural reforms to lift actual and potential growth, create jobs, promote inclusiveness and reduce inequalities. We have made significant progress towards fulfilling our commitments since last year, implementing half of our multi-year commitments. Analysis by the IMF, OECD and World Bank Group indicates that our implementation so far represents more than one third of our collective growth ambition. Yet we also acknowledge that more needs to be done. We will strive more and take prompt action to expedite implementation of our remaining commitments. Going forward, we will continue to closely monitor the implementation of our commitments through the robust framework we developed this year. We will also continue reviewing and adjusting our growth strategies to ensure that they remain relevant to evolving economic conditions, policy priorities and structural challenges, in particular slow productivity growth, and that they remain consistent with our collective growth ambition. The Antalya Action Plan, comprising our adjusted growth strategies and implementation schedules for key commitments, reflects our determination to overcome global economic challenges.

 

6．我们承诺确保包容性增长，创造就业并使全社会共享增长红利。很多国家不平等加剧将给社会和谐和公民福祉带来风险，也会产生负面经济影响，阻碍我们实现促增长的目标。全面和平衡的经济、金融、劳动、教育和社会政策有助于减少不平等。我们核可《劳动和就业部长会宣言》，承诺落实首要任务，按照《G20关于劳动收入占比和解决不平等的优先政策》，促进劳动市场更加包容。我们要求财政部长、劳工和就业部长评估增长战略和就业计划，强化我们应对不平等的行动，支持包容性增长。认识到社会对话对实现上述目标至关重要，我们欢迎工商峰会和劳工峰会发表关于就业、增长和体面就业的联合声明。

6. We are committed to ensure that growth is inclusive, job-rich and benefits all segments of our societies. Rising inequalities in many countries may pose risks to social cohesion and the well-being of our citizens and can also have negative economic impact and hinder our objective to lift growth. A comprehensive and balanced set of economic, financial, labour, education and social policies will contribute to reducing inequalities. We endorse the Declaration of our Labour and Employment Ministers and commit to implementing its priorities to make labour markets more inclusive as outlined by the G20 Policy Priorities on Labour Income Share and Inequalities. We ask our Finance, and Labour and Employment Ministers to review our growth strategies and employment plans to strengthen our action against inequality and in support of inclusive growth. Recognizing that social dialogue is essential to advance our goals, we welcome the B20 and L20 joint statement on jobs, growth and decent work.

 

7．失业、非充分就业和非正规就业是造成很多国家不平等的重要来源，将削弱经济未来增长前景。我们将按照《G20高质量就业促进框架》的思路重点推动更多、更高质量就业，并通过《G20技能战略》提高技能培训，加大技能投入。我们坚定支持年轻人更好融入劳动力市场，包括鼓励创业。基于我们之前的承诺并考虑各国情况，我们同意到2025年实现将G20各成员中最有可能被劳动力市场永久抛弃的年轻人比例降低15%的目标。我们请经合组织和国际劳工组织协助监测该目标的实施进展。我们将继续监督落实就业计划、缩小男女劳动参与率差别、创造更安全和健康的工作环境，并融入可持续全球供应链。

7. Unemployment, underemployment and informal jobs are significant sources of inequality in many countries and can undermine the future growth prospects of our economies. We are focused on promoting more and better quality jobs in line with our G20 Framework on Promoting Quality Jobs and on improving and investing in skills through our G20 Skills Strategy. We are determined to support the better integration of our young people into the labour market including through the promotion of entrepreneurship. Building on our previous commitments and taking into account our national circumstances, we agree to the G20 goal of reducing the share of young people who are most at risk of being permanently left behind in the labour market by 15% by 2025 in G20 countries. We ask the OECD and the ILO to assist us in monitoring progress in achieving this goal. We will continue monitoring the implementation of our Employment Plans as well as our goals to reduce gender participation gap and to foster safer and healthier workplaces also within sustainable global supply chains.

 

8．我们将应对好国际劳动力流动和人口老龄化等因素给劳动力市场带来的机遇和挑战。国内劳动力流动是一些G20成员就业市场的重要问题。我们认识到并将继续探索发掘蓬勃发展的“银发经济”的潜力。我们要求劳动和就业部长在2016年向我们进一步汇报有关问题进展。

8. We will address current opportunities and challenges brought into the labour markets through such issues as international labour mobility and the ageing of populations. Domestic labour mobility is an important labour market issue in some G20 countries. We recognize and will further explore the potential of a flourishing silver economy. We further ask our Labour and Employment Ministers to report to us on progress made in 2016.

 

9．为有力促进投资，特别是增加私人部门的参与，我们制定了富有雄心的国别投资战略，通过具体政策改善投资生态，促进高效率、高质量的基础设施投资，包括公共部门投资，并为中小企业（SMEs）提供支持，促进知识共享。经合组织（OECD）的分析报告表明，这些战略将会使G20投资总额占GDP的比例到2018年前提高1个百分点。

9. To provide a strong impetus to boost investment, particularly through private sector participation, we have developed ambitious country-specific investment strategies, which bring together concrete policies and actions to improve the investment ecosystem, foster efficient and quality infrastructure, including by the public sector, support small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), and enhance knowledge sharing. Analysis by the OECD indicates that these strategies would contribute to lifting the aggregate G20 investment to GDP ratio, by an estimated 1 percentage point by 2018.

 

10．为改善投资的准备工作、优先排序和执行程序，我们提出了公共和社会资本合作（PPP）模式指南和良好实践。我们还研究了其他的替代性融资结构，包括基于资产的融资模式和简单透明的证券化，以更好地为中小企业和基础设施投资提供便利的中介渠道。下一步，我们要求部长们继续改善投资生态，促进长期融资，加强机构投资者参与，支持替代性资本市场工具和基于资产的融资模式的发展，并鼓励多边开发银行(MDBs)动员自身资源，优化资产负债表，吸引私人部门资金。我们正努力开发工具包，为各国基础设施项目的准备工作、优先排序和融资提供更多方法和途径。我们期待全球基础设施投资中心（GIH）在这方面作出重要贡献。为确保建立强有力的公司治理框架以支持私人投资，我们核准了《G20/OECD公司治理原则》。我们特别关注促进中小企业长期融资，我们欢迎《中小企业融资联合行动计划》。《G20/OECD中小企业融资高级别原则》等指导原则，同时欢迎建立私人部门主导的全球中小企业论坛。该论坛将作为一个全球性实体，促进中小企业为经济增长和就业作出贡献。

10. To improve our investment preparation, prioritization and execution processes, we have developed guidelines and best practices for public-private-partnership (PPP) models. We also considered alternative financing structures, including asset-based financing, and simple and transparent securitization to facilitate better intermediation for SMEs and infrastructure investment. Going forward, we call on our Ministers to continue their work to improve the investment ecosystem, promote long-term financing, foster institutional investors’ involvement, support the development of alternative capital market instruments and asset-based financing models, and encourage Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) to mobilize their resources, optimize their balance sheets, and catalyze private sector funding. We are advancing efforts and developing toolkits to unlock the ways and means for countries to better prepare, prioritize and finance infrastructure projects. We expect the Global Infrastructure Hub to make a significant contribution towards these endeavors. To help ensure a strong corporate governance framework that will support private investment, we endorse the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. We have placed a special focus on promoting long-term financing for SMEs, and we welcome the Joint Action Plan on SME Financing, the G20/OECD High-Level Principles on SME Financing as guidance, and the establishment of the private sector-led World SME Forum, a new initiative that will serve as a global body to facilitate the contributions of SMEs to growth and employment.

 

11．全球贸易和投资依然是经济增长和发展的重要引擎，有助于创造就业、增进福利、促进包容性增长。我们注意到全球贸易增速依然低于危机前水平。这是周期性和结构性双重因素所致。为此，我们再次郑重承诺通过包括调整后的增长战略等措施，加强协调，推动贸易和投资。包容的全球价值链是世界贸易的重要驱动力。我们支持所有发展水平国家的各种规模企业，尤其是中小企业，参与并充分利用全球价值链，同时鼓励发展中国家更深参与并创造更多价值。我们进一步重申不采取新的贸易保护主义措施的承诺，并将保持谨慎，监督落实进展。为此，我们要求世贸组织、经合组织和联合国贸发会议继续报告贸易和投资限制措施。我们要求贸易部长定期举行会议，并同意建立支持性工作组。

11. Global trade and investment continue to be important engines of economic growth and development, generating employment and contributing to welfare and inclusive growth. We note that global trade growth remains below pre-crisis levels. This is a result of both cyclical and structural factors. We therefore reaffirm our strong commitment to better coordinate our efforts to reinforce trade and investment, including through our Adjusted Growth Strategies. Inclusive Global Value Chains (GVCs) are important drivers of world trade. We support policies that allow firms of all sizes, particularly SMEs, in countries at all levels of economic development to participate in and take full advantage of GVCs and encourage greater participation and value addition by developing countries. We further reaffirm our longstanding commitment to standstill and rollback on protectionist measures and will remain vigilant by monitoring our progress. For this, we ask the WTO, OECD and UNCTAD to continue their reporting on trade and investment restrictive measures. We ask our Trade Ministers to meet on a regular basis and we agree on a supporting working group.

 

12．世贸组织是多边贸易体系基石，应继续在促进经济增长和发展方面发挥核心作用。我们继续承诺坚持一个强有力和高效的多边贸易体制，重申共同努力完善其运行的决心。我们致力于共同推动内罗毕贸易部长会议取得成功，在多哈发展回合等问题上取得一系列平衡成果，并为后内罗毕工作提供明确指导。我们还将加倍努力，落实包括农业、发展、公共粮食储备以及《贸易便利化协定》批准与实施等在内的巴厘一揽子协议全部内容。我们将继续努力，确保双边、区域和诸边贸易协定相互补充、透明、包容，与以世贸组织规则为基础的多边贸易体制保持一致，并为强化这一体制作出贡献。我们强调贸易在全球发展事业中的重要作用，将继续支持在需要能力建设援助的发展中国家中实施“促贸援助”等机制。

12. The WTO is the backbone of the multilateral trading system and should continue to play a central role in promoting economic growth and development. We remain committed to a strong and efficient multilateral trading system and we reiterate our determination to work together to improve its functioning. We are committed to working together for a successful Nairobi Ministerial Meeting that has a balanced set of outcomes, including on the Doha Development Agenda, and provides clear guidance to post-Nairobi work. We will also need to increase our efforts to implement all the elements of the Bali Package, including those on agriculture, development, public stock holding as well as the prompt ratification and implementation of the Trade Facilitation Agreement. We will continue our efforts to ensure that our bilateral, regional and plurilateral trade agreements complement one another, are transparent and inclusive, are consistent with and contribute to a stronger multilateral trade system under WTO rules. We emphasize the important role of trade in global development efforts and will continue to support mechanisms such as aid for trade in developing countries in need of capacity building assistance.

 

 

13．强化金融机构的抗风险能力，增强金融体系的稳定性对保持经济增长与发展至关重要。为加强全球金融体系的抗风险能力，我们已进一步完成金融改革议程的核心要素。特别是作为解决“大而不能倒”问题的关键一步，我们已最终确定全球系统重要性银行总损失吸收能力（TLAC）的共同国际标准。同时，我们就针对全球系统重要性保险公司的更高损失吸收能力要求的第一版达成一致意见。

13. Strengthening the resilience of financial institutions and enhancing stability of the financial system are crucial to sustaining growth and development. To enhance the resilience of the global financial system, we have completed further core elements of the financial reform agenda. In particular, as a key step towards ending too-big-to-fail, we have finalized the common international standard on total-loss-absorbing-capacity (TLAC) for global systemically important banks. We also agreed to the first version of higher loss absorbency requirements for global systemically important insurers.

 

14．为了建立更加强大和抗风险能力更强的金融体系，仍有许多关键工作要做。特别是，我们期待继续就中央对手方抗风险能力、恢复计划和可处置性等领域开展相关工作。我们要求金融稳定理事会（FSB）在我们下次会议时报告相关进展。我们将继续监测改革进展，并在必要情况下应对金融体系内以及银行部门以外的新出现的风险和脆弱性。我们将根据其带来的系统性风险，以合理的方式进一步加强对影子银行的监督和监管，确保基于市场的融资具备抗风险能力。在适当评估并解决往来银行业服务萎缩问题上，我们期待更多进展。我们将加快工作，在落实场外衍生品（OTC）改革方面取得更多进展，包括鼓励各辖区在符合圣彼得堡峰会宣言共识的情况下互相认可对方监管。下一步，我们将努力按照各方同意的时间表，全面、持续地实施全球金融监管框架，同时将继续监测各辖区的实施进展。我们将继续监测各项行动和决策的效果，以确保全球监管框架的强有力，并与可持续增长融资相适应。我们欢迎FSB发布的关于改革及其实施效果的第一个年度报告。我们将继续就保持全球金融监管框架的强有力进行审议，就改革的落实进展、效果及与我们总体目标的一致性进行监测和评估，包括解决未预料到的实质性影响，特别是对新兴市场和发展中国家的影响。

14. Critical work remains to build a stronger and more resilient financial system. In particular, we look forward to further work on central counterparty resilience, recovery planning and resolvability and ask the FSB to report back to us by our next meeting. We will continue to monitor and, if necessary, address emerging risks and vulnerabilities in the financial system, many of which may arise outside the banking sector. In this regard, we will further strengthen oversight and regulation of shadow banking to ensure resilience of market-based finance, in a manner appropriate to the systemic risks posed. We look forward to further progress in assessing and addressing, as appropriate, the decline in correspondent banking services. We will expedite our efforts to make further progress in implementing the over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives’ reforms, including by encouraging jurisdictions to defer to each other, when it is justified in line with the St. Petersburg Declaration. Going forward, we are committed to full and consistent implementation of the global financial regulatory framework in line with the agreed timelines, and will continue to monitor and address uneven implementation across jurisdictions. We welcome the FSB’s first annual report on the implementation of reforms and their effects. We will continue to review the robustness of the global regulatory framework and to monitor and assess the implementation and effects of reforms and their continued consistency with our overall objectives, including by addressing any material unintended consequences, particularly for emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs).

 

15．为在全球范围内实现公平、现代化的国际税收体系，我们核准《G20/OECD税基侵蚀和利润转移（BEPS）项目行动计划》中的一系列措施。广泛、持续地落实行动计划是确保BEPS项目取得成效的关键，特别是在跨境税收裁定的情报交换方面。因此，我们强烈敦促按时落实BEPS项目，并鼓励包括发展中国家在内的所有国家和辖区参与。为在全球监测BEPS项目的落实情况，我们呼吁OECD在2016年初前建立一套包容性框架，该框架将在平等参与的基础上纳入感兴趣并致力于实施BEPS项目的非G20国家和辖区，包括发展中经济体。我们欢迎IMF、OECD、联合国和世界银行集团为感兴趣的发展中经济体提供适当的技术援助，帮助其应对国内资源动员方面的挑战，也包括BEPS方面的挑战。我们认识到，感兴趣的非G20发展中国家实施BEPS行动计划的时机可能与其他国家不同，期待OECD和其他国际组织能够确保该框架适当考虑发展中国家的情况。我们在加强税收体系透明度方面不断取得进展，我们重申此前承诺，将于2017年或2018年底同各成员国和其他国家就税收情报开展应要求交换和自动交换。我们邀请其他辖区共同参与。我们支持提高发展中经济体在国际税收议程中的参与度。

15. To reach a globally fair and modern international tax system, we endorse the package of measures developed under the ambitious G20/OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. Widespread and consistent implementation will be critical in the effectiveness of the project, in particular as regards the exchange of information on cross-border tax rulings. We, therefore, strongly urge the timely implementation of the project and encourage all countries and jurisdictions, including developing ones, to participate. To monitor the implementation of the BEPS project globally, we call on the OECD to develop an inclusive framework by early 2016 with the involvement of interested non-G20 countries and jurisdictions which commit to implement the BEPS project, including developing economies, on an equal footing. We welcome the efforts by the IMF, OECD, UN and WBG to provide appropriate technical assistance to interested developing economies in tackling the domestic resource mobilization challenges they face, including from BEPS. We acknowledge that interested non-G20 developing countries’ timing of implementation may differ from other countries and expect the OECD and other international organizations to ensure that their circumstances are appropriately addressed in the framework. We are progressing towards enhancing the transparency of our tax systems and we reaffirm our previous commitments to information exchange on-request as well as to automatic exchange of information by 2017 or end-2018. We invite other jurisdictions to join us. We support the efforts for strengthening developing economies’ engagement in the international tax agenda.

 

16．为支持增长和抗风险议程，我们将继续有效落实《2015－2016年G20反腐败行动计划》，促进国际社会形成对腐败问题的零容忍环境。我们核准《G20私营部门廉洁透明高级别原则》，帮助企业遵守道德和反腐败全球标准。确保公共部门的廉洁和透明至关重要。为此，我们核准《G20反腐败公开数据原则》和《G20推动公共采购廉洁原则》，欢迎正在开展的资产披露框架有关工作。我们将视需并依据国内法律体系，进一步加强在民事和行政程序上的国际合作，以此作为有效打击贿赂、支持腐败资产返还、拒绝为腐败官员及造成官员腐败的人提供避罪港的重要工具。我们欢迎发布《受益人所有权透明度落实计划》，并将为此继续努力。

16. In support of our growth and resilience agenda, we remain committed to building a global culture of intolerance towards corruption through effectively implementing the 2015-2016 G20 Anti-Corruption Action Plan. We endorse the G20 High-Level Principles on Integrity and Transparency in the Private Sector which will help our companies comply with global standards on ethics and anti-corruption. Ensuring the integrity and transparency of our public sectors is essential. In this regard, we endorse the G20 Anti-Corruption Open Data Principles and the G20 Principles for Promoting Integrity in Public Procurement, and we welcome the ongoing work on asset disclosure frameworks. We will further work to strengthen international cooperation, including where appropriate and consistent with domestic legal systems, on civil and administrative procedures, as an important tool to effectively combat bribery and to support asset recovery and the denial of safe haven to corrupt officials and those who corrupt them. We welcome the publication of our Implementation Plans on beneficial ownership transparency and will continue our efforts in this regard.

 

17．我们对2010年IMF份额和治理改革共识始终未能落实深感失望。2010年改革方案仍是我们关于IMF的最优先工作。我们敦促美国尽快批准改革方案。考虑到2010年改革方案目标，我们要求IMF完成过渡方案，尽快并尽可能地使份额分配达到第14次份额检查所确定的水平。包括新的份额计算公式在内的第15次份额检查应以第14次份额检查为基础。我们重申维护一个强有力、以份额为基础、资源充足的IMF的承诺。我们重申对所有国际金融机构领导人和高级领导层均应经由公开、透明、择优的程序任命的共识，并重申国际金融机构加强职员多样性的重要性。我们重申，特别提款权（SDR）货币篮子的构成应继续反映各国货币在全球贸易和金融系统中的作用，并期待完成对SDR估值方法的审议工作。

17. We remain deeply disappointed with the continued delay in implementing the IMF quota and governance reforms agreed in 2010. The 2010 reforms remain our highest priority for the IMF and we urge the United States to ratify these reforms as soon as possible. Mindful of the aims of the 2010 reforms, we ask the IMF to complete its work on an interim solution that will meaningfully converge quota shares as soon as and to the extent possible to the levels agreed under the 14th General Review of Quotas. The 14th Review should be used as a basis for work on the 15th Review, including a new quota formula. We reaffirm our commitment to maintaining a strong, quota-based and adequately resourced IMF. We reaffirm our agreement that the heads and senior leadership of all international financial institutions should be appointed through an open, transparent and merit-based process and we reiterate the importance of enhancing staff diversity in these organizations. We reaffirm that the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket composition should continue to reflect the role of currencies in the global trading and financial system and look forward to the completion of the review of the method of valuation of the SDR.

 

18．我们欢迎在国际主权债券合同中加强集体行动条款和同权条款落实方面取得的进展。这将有利于提高主权债务重组的有序性和可预期性。我们要求IMF在征询其他相关方意见的基础上，继续促进上述条款的运用，并进一步探索采用市场化方式加快将上述条款加入到现有存量的未偿清国际主权债券中。我们期待即将开展的IMF和世界银行低收入国家债务可持续性框架审议。我们对以改善可持续融资实践为目标的现有倡议表示认可，这一目标在《亚的斯亚贝巴行动议程》也得到强调。我们也注意到巴黎论坛倡议。该倡议有利于加强主权债务国和债权国对话，进一步提高包容性。

18. We welcome the progress achieved on the implementation of strengthened collective action and paripassu clauses in international sovereign bond contracts, which will contribute to the orderliness and predictability of sovereign debt restructuring processes. We ask the IMF, in consultation with other parties, to continue promoting the use of such clauses and to further explore market-based ways to speed up their incorporation in the outstanding stock of international sovereign debt. We look forward to the upcoming review of the IMF-WB Debt Sustainability Framework for Low-Income Countries. We acknowledge the existing initiatives aimed at improving sustainable financing practices, as stressed in the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. We also take note of the Paris Forum initiative, which contributes to further the inclusiveness by fostering dialogue between sovereign debtors and creditors.

 

19．2015年是可持续发展的关键之年，我们将继续致力于为实现包容和可持续发展作出贡献，包括在低收入国家和发展中国家。2030年可持续发展议程，包括可持续发展目标和《亚的斯亚贝巴行动议程》，为国际发展工作设定了一个转型、普遍、富有雄心的框架。我们积极承诺落实其各项成果，确保我们消除贫困的努力不使任何人被落下，为全人类创造一个包容、可持续的未来。我们核准《G20和低收入发展中国家框架》，以加强我们在发展领域的对话和参与。我们将在2016年制定行动计划，使我们的工作与2030年可持续发展议程更好衔接。

19. 2015 is a crucial year for sustainable development and we remain committed to ensuring our actions contribute to inclusive and sustainable growth, including in low income developing countries. The 2030 Agenda, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, sets a transformative, universal and ambitious framework for global development efforts. We are strongly committed to implementing its outcomes to ensure that no-one is left behind in our efforts to eradicate poverty and build an inclusive and sustainable future for all. We adopt the G20 and Low Income Developing Countries Framework to strengthen our dialogue and engagement on development. We will develop an action plan in 2016 to further align our work with the 2030 Agenda.

 

20．我们今年的工作对可持续发展重点领域给予支持，例如能源可及性、粮食安全和营养、人力资源开发、高质量基础设施、普惠金融和国内资源动员。我们核可《G20粮食安全和可持续粮食系统行动计划》，强调将致力于提高全球粮食安全和营养，确保我们生产、消费和销售粮食的方式在经济、社会、环境等各方面的可持续性。我们仍将重视推动农业和粮食系统的负责任投资，提高市场透明度，增加收入和高质量就业，培育可持续的生产率增长。我们将会对小农、家庭农户、农村妇女和青年给予特别关注。今年我们也承诺降低全球粮食损失和浪费。我们欢迎米兰世博会以“给养地球，为生命加油”为主题。我们也欢迎G20农业部长作出决定，成立一个新平台，以推动G20和其他国家更好测算并减少粮食损失和浪费。

20. Our work this year supports key areas for sustainable development such as energy access, food security and nutrition, human resource development, quality infrastructure, financial inclusion and domestic resource mobilization. We endorse the G20 Action Plan on Food Security and Sustainable Food Systems, which underlines our commitment to improve global food security and nutrition and ensure the way we produce, consume and sell food is economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. We remain focused on promoting responsible investment in agriculture and food systems, improving market transparency, increasing incomes and quality jobs, and fostering sustainable productivity growth. We will pay particular attention to the needs of smallholder and family farmers, rural women and youth. We also commit to reducing food loss and waste globally. We welcome Expo Milano with the theme “Feeding the Planet – Energy for Life”. We also welcome our Agriculture Ministers´ decision to establish a new platform to improve the way we and other countries can measure and reduce food loss and waste.

 

21．私营部门在发展和消除贫困方面有很强作用。通过《G20包容性商业倡议》，我们强调所有相关方需要共同采取行动，帮助低收入人民和团体有更多机会作为购买者、供应者和消费者参与市场。我们今年制定的《G20国别侨汇计划》包含了降低全球平均侨汇成本至5%的具体行动，并同可持续发展目标和亚的斯亚贝巴行动议程相一致。我们正通过开放支付、储蓄、信贷和其他金融服务渠道的方式推动普惠金融。我们欢迎普惠金融全球伙伴关系在普惠金融领域持续开展的工作。

21. The private sector has a strong role to play in development and poverty eradication. Through our G20 Call on Inclusive Business we stress the need of all stakeholders to work together in order to promote opportunities for low income people and communities to participate in markets as buyers, suppliers and consumers. Our G20 National Remittance Plans developed this year include concrete actions towards our commitment to reduce the global average cost of transferring remittances to five percent with a view to align with the SDGs and Addis Ababa Action Agenda. We are promoting financial inclusion by helping to open up access to payments, savings, credit and other services. We welcome the continued work on financial inclusion within the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI).

 

22．我们高度关注《G20能源合作原则》，欢迎首届能源部长会召开。认识到超过11亿人电力缺乏及29亿人靠传统生物热源烹饪，我们支持《G20能源可及性行动计划：能源可及性自愿合作》。该计划第一阶段将重点提高问题最为严重的撒哈拉以南非洲电力可及性，旨在加强G20协调并建立可逐步适用于其他区域的长期自愿合作框架。在第一阶段，我们将在考虑各国需求和情况的基础上，同非洲国家和有关区域、国际组织在各方面开展合作，包括政策和监管环境、技术研发和应用、投资和融资、能力建设、区域一体化和合作等。

22. We remain focused on the G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration and welcome our Energy Ministers´ first meeting ever. Recognizing that globally over 1.1 billion people lack access to electricity and 2.9 billion rely on the traditional use of biomass for cooking, we endorse the G20 Energy Access Action Plan: Voluntary Collaboration on Energy Access, the first phase of which focuses on enhancing electricity access in Sub-Saharan Africa where the problem is most acute. The Plan aims to strengthen G20 coordination and establishes a long-term voluntary cooperation framework that can be applied to other regions over time, recognising that energy access is a critical factor to foster development. In this first phase, we will cooperate and collaborate with African countries and relevant regional and international organizations on policy and regulatory environments, technology development and deployment, investment and finance, capacity building, regional integration and cooperation, taking into consideration national needs and contexts.

 

23．我们认识到在能源领域采取行动，包括提高能效、增加清洁能源技术投入以及支持相关研发活动，对应对气候变化及其影响具有重要作用。我们核准《G20可再生能源开发自愿选择工具箱》。我们重视今年各参与国在推动能效合作方面所取得的进展，同意在自愿的基础上进一步支持今年各工作渠道的成果，包括汽车（尤其是重型载重卡车）能效及排放表现、联网设备、建筑、工业流程、发电和能效融资等领域所取得的成果。我们将继续发展包括天然气市场在内的透明、竞争和运转良好的能源市场。我们强调能源来源多样性和持续投资增强能源安全的重要性。我们重申致力于中期内逐步规范和取消低效的、鼓励浪费的化石燃料补贴，同时兼顾贫困者的需要。我们将努力推进有关进程力度，落实上述承诺。我们要求能源部长们在2016年再次报告能源合作进展，以及继续落实G20能源合作原则的情况。

23. We recognize that actions on energy, including improving energy efficiency, increasing investments in clean energy technologies and supporting related research and development activities will be important in tackling climate change and its effects. We endorse the G20 Toolkit of Voluntary Options for Renewable Energy Deployment. We also highlight the progress made this year by participating countries in taking forward our collaboration on energy efficiency and agree to further support on a voluntary basis the 2015 outcomes of existing work streams on efficiency and emissions performance of vehicles, particularly heavy duty vehicles, networked devices, buildings, industrial processes and electricity generation, as well as financing for energy efficiency. We will continue to promote transparent, competitive and well-functioning energy markets, including gas markets. We stress the importance of diversification of energy sources and continued investments for increased energy security. We reaffirm our commitment to rationalise and phase-out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, over the medium term, recognising the need to support the poor. We will endeavour to make enhanced progress in moving forward this commitment. We ask our Energy Ministers to report back on energy collaboration again in 2016 on the continued implementation of the G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration.

 

24．气候变化是我们当代面临的最严峻的挑战之一。我们认识到2015年是采取有效、强有力和集体行动应对气候变化及其影响的关键之年。我们重申《利马气候行动倡议》关于控制气温升幅低于2摄氏度的目标。我们确认，决心通过一项在《联合国气候变化框架公约》下具有法律效力并适用于各方的议定书、法律文件或达成一致的成果。我们的行动是为了支持增长和可持续发展。我们强调，巴黎协议应当公平、均衡、富有雄心、可持续和有活力。我们强调致力于在巴黎达成富有雄心的协议，反映共同但有区别和各自能力原则，同时考虑各国不同国情。我们重申《联合国气候变化框架公约》是气候变化谈判的主要国际政府间机制。我们欢迎包括所有G20成员在内的超过160个国家向《联合国气候变化框架公约》提交国家自主贡献，并鼓励其他国家在巴黎大会前提交。我们已准备好落实国家自主贡献。我们指示谈判代表在未来数日里建设性和灵活性地参与讨论有关关键问题，包括减缓、适应、资金、技术研发和转让以及透明度等，以便在我们到达巴黎时能有一个解决方案。我们承诺共同努力推动《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方第二十一次会议取得成功。

24. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. We recognize that 2015 is a critical year that requires effective, strong and collective action on climate change and its effects. We reaffirm the below 20C goal as stated in the Lima Call for Action. We affirm our determination to adopt a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the UNFCCC that is applicable to all Parties. Our actions will support growth and sustainable development. We affirm that the Paris agreement should be fair, balanced, ambitious, durable and dynamic. We underscore our commitment to reaching an ambitious agreement in Paris that reflects the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in light of different national circumstances. We reaffirm that UNFCCC is the primary international intergovernmental body for negotiating climate change. We welcome that over 160 Parties including all G20 countries have submitted their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) to the UNFCCC, and encourage others to do so in advance of the Paris Conference. We are prepared to implement our INDCs. We will instruct our negotiators to engage constructively and flexibly in the coming days to discuss key issues, among other things, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology development and transfer and transparency in order to arrive at Paris with a way forward. We commit to work together for a successful outcome of the COP21.

 

25．当前难民危机的规模引起全球对其在人道主义、政治、社会和经济等方面影响的关注。需要采取协调和全面措施应对这一危机及其长期效应。我们将继续努力，对世界各地史无前例数量的难民和国内流离失所人员提供保护和支持，寻求长期解决方案。我们呼吁所有国家都为应对上述危机做出贡献，共担责任，包括采取难民安置及其他形式的人道主义收容、援助等方式，帮助难民获得服务、教育和生活机会。我们强调需要解决这一流离失所的根源。在这方面，我们强调政治解决冲突、增进发展合作的重要性。我们认识到保障难民和国内流离失所者安全和帮助其按照个人意志返回家园的重要性。我们将同其他国家一道，加强管理移民和难民流的长期准备和能力。我们邀请各国，根据自身能力，加大对相关国际组织的支持，强化其帮助受影响国家应对危机的能力。我们鼓励私人部门和个人参与应对难民危机的国际行动。

25. The scale of the ongoing refugee crisis is a global concern with major humanitarian, political, social and economic consequences. There is a need for a coordinated and comprehensive response to tackle this crisis, as well as its long term consequences. We commit to continue further strengthening our support for all efforts to provide protection and assistance and to find durable solutions for the unprecedented numbers of refugees and internally displaced persons in various parts of the world. We call upon all states to contribute to responding to this crisis, and share in the burdens associated with it, including through refugee resettlement, other forms of humanitarian admission, humanitarian aid and efforts to ensure that refugees can access services, education and livelihood opportunities. We underline the need to address the root causes of displacement. We highlight, in this regard, the importance of political solutions to conflicts and increased cooperation for development. We also recognize the importance of creating conditions to enable refugees and internally displaced persons to safely and voluntarily return to their homes. We will work with other states to strengthen our long term preparedness and capacity to manage migration and refugee flows. We invite all states according to their individual capacities to scale up their assistance to relevant international organizations in order to enhance their capabilities to assist affected countries in dealing with this crisis. We encourage the private sector and individuals to also join in the international efforts to respond to the refugee crisis.

 

26．我们生活的互联网经济时代给全球增长同时带来机遇和挑战。我们认识到信息通信技术及其使用对安全的威胁，这种威胁削弱我们通过互联网促进世界经济增长和发展的能力。我们致力于消除数字鸿沟。如同在其他环境中，在信息通信技术环境，国家负有特殊责任，促进安全、稳定，密切同其他国家的经济联系。为支持实现上述目标，我们强调任何国家不应当为获取公司或商业部门竞争优势，而采取或支持窃取信息通信技术知识产权，包括贸易秘密和其他商业机密。所有支持安全使用信息通信技术的国家都应尊重和保护自由原则，使其免受非法和任意干涉隐私所扰，包括在数字通信的情况下。我们同样注意到联合国在制定相关规则方面的关键作用并欢迎2015年联合国信息安全问题政府专家组达成的报告，确认国际法，特别是联合国宪章，适用于国家行为和信息通信技术运用，并承诺所有国家应当遵守进一步确认自愿和非约束性的在使用信息通信技术方面的负责任国家行为准则，并同A/C.1/70/L.45号决议相一致。我们将致力于维护环境，确保所有参与者均能享受安全使用信息通信技术的益处。

26. We are living in an age of Internet economy that brings both opportunities and challenges to global growth. We acknowledge that threats to the security of and in the use of ICTs, risk undermining our collective ability to use the Internet to bolster economic growth and development around the world. We commit ourselves to bridge the digital divide. In the ICT environment, just as elsewhere, states have a special responsibility to promote security, stability, and economic ties with other nations. In support of that objective, we affirm that no country should conduct or support ICT-enabled theft of intellectual property, including trade secrets or other confidential business information, with the intent of providing competitive advantages to companies or commercial sectors. All states in ensuring the secure use of ICTs, should respect and protect the principles of freedom from unlawful and arbitrary interference of privacy, including in the context of digital communications. We also note the key role played by the United Nations in developing norms and in this context we welcome the 2015 report of the UN Group of Governmental Experts in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security, affirm that international law, and in particular the UN Charter, is applicable to state conduct in the use of ICTs and commit ourselves to the view that all states should abide by norms of responsible state behaviour in the use of ICTs in accordance with UN resolution A/C.1/70/L.45. We are committed to help ensure an environment in which all actors are able to enjoy the benefits of secure use of ICTs.

 

 

27．我们将继续坚定地通过集体行动提高各国经济的实际和潜在增长率，促进就业，增强抗风险能力，促进发展，加强政策包容性。我们对土耳其担任G20主席国并成功举办安塔利亚峰会表示感谢。我们期待着在中国担任主席国期间，于2016年9月在杭州再会。我们也期待在德国举行2017年峰会。

27. We remain resolute to continue our collective action to lift actual and potential growth of our economies, support job creation, strengthen resilience, promote development and enhance inclusiveness of our policies. We thank Turkey for its G20 Presidency and hosting a successful Antalya Summit this year. We look forward to our next meeting in Hangzhou in September 2016 under the Chinese Presidency. We also look forward to meeting in Germany in 2017.

 

（来源：G20官网，编辑：钦君）