【原文】

中国经济被称为“发展中的市场经济”。发展中的市场经济是指经济的重点放在劳动力、商品和服务领域，并由供需关系决定。中国经济在过去几年中一直呈增长态势，每年平均增长率约为10%。因为经济的持续发展，中国的贫困率已经降低。在过去30年里，人均收入(per capita income)增长超过了8%。由于2008年的经济变迁，许多私营企业被迫倒闭。正是由于这个原因，国有经济必须要发展。

 

【解析】 

1.发展中的市场经济是指经济的重点放在劳动力、商品和服务领域，并由供需关系决定:该句可使用定语从句进行翻译，其中“重点放在”可译为put emphasis on sth.;“供需关系”即“供应和需求”，可翻译为supply and demand。

2.因为经济的持续发展，中国的贫困率已经降低:“经济的持续发展”可译为economy continues to develop; “贫困率”可用 the poverty rate来表达。

3.由于2008年的经济变迁，许多私营企业被迫倒闭:“2008年的经济变迁”可用economic changes in 2008来表达；“私营企业”可译为private enterprises。

 

【参考答案】

The economy of China is known as a “developing market economy”.A developing market economy refers to one that puts emphasis on the areas of labor, goods and services, which is set by supply and demand. The economic growth in China has been increasing over the last few years. The average annual growth rate is about 10%. Because its economy continues to develop, the poverty rate in China has decreased. Per capita income has increased over the last three decades by more than 8%.Because of economic changes in 2008, many of the private enterprises were forced to close. It was due to this problem that the national economy had to expand.

 

【原文】

改革开放以来，中国的投资环境发生了翻天覆地的变化。20世纪80年代早期，中国限制外资投资出口导向型企业(export-oriented corporation),要求外资跟中国公司建立合资关系。自20世纪90年代早期开始，中国允许外资在国内市场生产并销售各种商品，还允许建立外资独资公司(foreign-owned enterprise)。今天，中国作为世贸组织的一员，改革开放依然是中国发展的核心。目前，外商投资企业的产品约占中国出口产品总数的一半，中国仍然在大量引进外资。

 

【解析】 

1.中国限制外资投资出口导向型企业，要求外资跟中国公司建立合资关系:“限制”可译为restrict; “出口导向型”可用一个复合词export-oriented来表示,“建立合资关系”可用set up joint-venture partnerships来表达。

2.国内市场:可译为the domestic market。

3.还允许建立外资独资公司:“允许”即“授权”,可译为authorize;“建立”可用establishment表示；“外资独资公司”可译为 foreign-owned enterprises。

 

【参考答案】

China’s investment climate has changed dramatically since the reform and opening up. In the early 1980s, China restricted foreign capital to invest in the export-oriented corporation and required foreign investors to set up the joint-venture partnerships with Chinese firms. Since the early 1990s,China has allowed foreign investors to manufacture and sell a wide range of goods on the domestic market.The establishment of foreign-owned enterprises were also authorized. Today,as a member of the World Trade Organization, the reform and opening up remains central to China’s development. Currently, products of foreign-invested enterprises account for about half of China’s exports, and China continues to attract large investment.

 

 

【原文】

中国火锅（Chinese hot pot）已有1000多年的历史了。火锅似乎起源于蒙古，在那里主要配料是肉，通常是牛肉，羊肉或马肉。之后传到中国南方，得到了进一步发展。火锅包含一个在餐桌中间煮涮东西的金属锅。当火锅保持沸腾状态时，将配料放入锅中。典型的火锅菜包括切成薄片的肉，叶菜，蘑菇，云吞（wonton）,鸡蛋，饺子和海鲜。煮熟的食物通常蘸着酱吃。在许多地区，火锅通常在冬天吃。

 

【解析】 

1.火锅包含一个在餐桌中间煮涮东西的金属锅:“在…中间可译为at the center of,是英语中表示方位的常用短语，类似表方位的短语还有in the north/south/east/west of等。

2.当火锅保持沸腾状态时，将配料放入锅中:“保持沸腾的状态”可译为keep simmering, keep doing表示“一直在做某事”。

3.煮熟的食物通常蘸着酱吃:“煮熟的”可译为cooked,在这里是过去分词作定语，表示动作已完成。

 

【参考答案】

The Chinese hot pot has a history of more than 1,000 years. Hot pot seems to have originated in Mongolia where the main ingredient was meat, usually beef,mutton or horseflesh.It then spread to southern China and was further established. Chinese hot pot consists of a simmering metal pot of stock at the center of the dining table.While the hot pot is kept simmering, ingredients are placed into the pot.Typical hot pot dishes include thinly sliced meat, leaf vegetables, mushrooms, wontons, eggs, dumplings, and seafood. The cooked food is usually eaten with a dipping sauce. In many areas, hot pot meals are often eaten in winter.