【解析】

1.第1句中的定语“我国各族人民喜爱的”较长，可将其处理为后置定语，以插入语形式置于主语之后，整句表达为Moon cake, loved by people of all nationalities in China, is a…，但因插人语过长，整个句型显繁冗，不妨将此后置定语转换为状语，置于句首，以平衡句型。

 

2.第2句中的“一边……一边……”可用while来连接两个动作。强调哪个动作，就把包含此动作的分句主句，此处把“一边吃月饼”作为主句，表达为people eat moon cakes.“一边赏月”表持续动作，用现在进行时译出，表达为while they are enjoying the moon，注意增译后半句的主语，用they来指代，避免重复。

 

3.第3句中的“代表着家人团圆”可用分词短语symbolizing the reunion of the family members来表达作伴随状语。

 

4.第4句及第5句的前半句都是讲述唐朝吃月饼的习俗，故可将这两部分合译为一句，第5句后半句则另译成一句。注意第5句后半句“至明清时期成为全民共同的饮食习俗”的逻辑主语是“吃月饼的习俗”，与前一句一致，该句可用It替代，以避免重复。

 

5.最后一句中的“风味也因地各异”可处理为“品种繁多”的补充说明，用介词短语with different flavors in various regions 表达。

 

【参考译文】

Loved by people of all nationalities in China, the moon-cake is a traditional festival specially. On Mid-autumn Festival, people eat moon cakes while they are enjoying the moon. A round moon cake is shared by the whole family, symbolizing the reunion of the family members. The custom of eating moon cakes can date back to the Tang Dynasty when the moon cakes were eaten as a royal sacrifice on the Mid-autumn Day. It became a diet custom for the whole nation in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Now, moon cakes are of numerous kinds, with different flavors in various regions. Among them, moon cakes of Cantonese-style and Beijing-style are widely popular.

 

 

【解析】

1.第2句有两个分句，可将前一分句处理为句子的主干，后半句“留下他们由……照顾”可处理为状语，用现在分词短语leaving them taken care of by…来表达。前一分句“远离家乡到城镇地区谋生”有两个动作“远离”和“谋生”，可将“谋生”作为句子的谓语，“远离家庭”处理为修饰“城镇地区”的定语，整句译为earn a living in urban areas far away from home.

 

2.第3句“留守儿童问题是—个值得关注的社会问题”中，有两个“问题”，按照英语表达习惯要避免重复，故分别译为problem和issue.定语“值得关注的”较长，进行后置处理，可用介词短语of concern或worth concerning 来表达。

 

3.第4句中的“得到父母的关爱”可直译为receive/get parents' care但较生硬，不如译文中的表达enjoy parents' care来得精彩，表达出“享受”的感觉。“像同龄孩子那样”不能直译为as their peers，而应补充出“得到父母的关爱”的动作才能达意，为避免重复，用动词do来代替。“从而引起……”作结果状语，用分词短语 resulting in…来表达。

 

4.最后一句中的“来保护留守儿童的合法权益”作目的状语，用不定式短语to protect the legal rights and interests of left-behind children来表达。定语“留守儿童的”较长，故将其后置。

 

【参考译文】

According to statistics, there are over 61 million left-behind children in China Their parents earn a living in urban areas far away from home, leaving them taken care of by grandparents or other relatives. The problem of the left-behind children is a social issue worth concerning. The left-behind children can't enjoy their parents' care as their peers do, resulting in a variety of psychological problems. In addition, they are more vulnerable to accidental injuries. To this end, the State Council has set up a special work team to protect the legal rights and interests of the left-behind children.

 

 

【解析】

1.第1句“中国象棋是一种……，是中国……”可用并列结构译出Chinese chess is an…and 但不如将“是一种古老的箦力游戏”处理为“中国象祺”的同位语，把“是中国宝费的文化遗产”处理为主句，以突出重点。整句译为Chinese chess, an ancient intellectual game, is a…

 

2.第3句中“技能”的定语“—个文人必须掌握的”可用定语从句that a scholar should master来表达，置于中心词skill后。也可采用较为意译的方法把单词essential必不可少的“置于skill前来表达，”一个文人必须掌握的技能之一“完整译作one of the essential skills for a scholar，时间状语”在古代“译为in ancient times，可置句首或句末。

 

3.第4句中的“象棋被当作是开发智力和培养专注力的有效途径”表原因，故将其译作原因状语从句，由as引导。“开发智力和培养专注力”中的“开发”和“培养”都可用develop来表达，故省译一个，译为develop intelligence and the ability to focus.

 

4.最后一句句首的“据估计”可套用句型it is estimated that…。“懂得下象棋”中“懂得”(know)为及物动词， 后接名词或从句。按照英文表达习惯，“懂得下象棋”译为know how to play Chinese chess，而不能表达为know playing Chinese chess.

 

【参考译文】

Chinese chess, an ancient intellectual game, is a valuable cultural heritage of China. Its origin was closely related to military strategies. Playing chess was also one of the essential skills for a scholar in ancient times. As playing chess is considered as an effective way to develop intelligence and the ability to focus, now many children begin to learn to play Chinese chess at the age of four or five. At the same time, the chess is also a favorite pastime for many aged people. It is estimated that over half a billion people in China know how to play Chinese chess.