原创 英文联播
9月3日，二十国集团工商峰会在浙江杭州开幕。中国国家主席习近平出席开幕式并发表主旨演讲。发言中有不少生动的表述，外交部高翻是如何译的？有哪些出彩和可以改进的地方呢？
山明水秀，晴好雨奇，浸透着江南韵味，凝结着世代匠心。
口译版本：Its green hills and clear lakes and rivers delight the eyes on sunny days and present a special view on rainy days. Hangzhou is imbued with the charm unique to the south of Yangtze River that has been fostered by many generations.
注：《新时代汉英字典》对“山明水秀”的译法是：bright mountains and limpid waters，供参考。晴好雨奇则出自苏轼“水光潋滟晴方好，山色空蒙雨亦奇。” 许渊冲对该句的译法是：The brimming waves delight the eyes on sunny days; The dimming hills present rare view in rainy haze. 口译版本借用了这一译法，rainy days也可沿袭in rainy haze。
我们“摸着石头过河”，不断深化改革开放，不断探索前进。
口译版本：What we have done is “crossing the river by feeling out for stones.” We have deepened reform and opening up, broken new ground, and forged ahead.
注：笔者也一贯主张直译“隐喻”，而非一律归化，上下文能够理解的，也没必要增加解释，如“try to gain experience while actually doing the job”，这样可以增加行文的新奇感和文学性，如下一例“钉钉子”精神。
与时俱进，开拓创新，靠着拼劲、闯劲、干劲，靠着钉钉子精神。
口译版本：We have moved with the time and taken bold initiatives, with our perseverance, resolve and dedication, and the spirit of driving the nail.
这是共同富裕的进程。发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。
口译版本：This is a course of achieving common prosperity. Development is for the people, is to be pusured by the people and its benefits should be shared by the people.
注：说法来自林肯在葛底斯堡的演讲，of the people, for the people and by the people（民有、民治、民享），为了人民是for the people，由人民共享是by the people，发展依靠人民其实差不多就是of the people，不妨直接借用。
因循守旧没有出路，畏缩不前坐失良机。
口译版本：Sticking to convention will get you nowhere. Fear to advance will only result in losing the opportunity.
注：因循守旧的译法还包括“stay in old rut”“follow the beaten track”。畏缩不前的译法还有“Recoiling in fear”。
我们将以壮士断腕的勇气、凤凰涅磐的决心，敢于向积存多年的顽瘴痼疾开刀。
口译版本：We have the resolve to make painful self-adjustment and tackle problems that have been built up over many years.
注：在成语密集出现的情况下，将“壮士断腕”简化为painful self-adjustment是可以接受的选择，凤凰涅磐索性就省略了，将佛教用语“nirvana”直译出来，可能造成“信息干扰”。
抓住科技创新就抓住了发展的牛鼻子。
口译版本：Scientific and technological innovation hold the key to development.
中国在去产能方面，力度最大，措施最实，说到就会做到。
China has taken the most robust and solid measures in cutting excess capacity and we're honoring our commitment with actions.
民惟邦本，本固邦宁。
The people are the foundation of the country and only when the people lead a good life, can the country thrive.
注：出自《尚书·五子之歌》。原文为“皇祖有训，民可近不可下，民惟邦本，本固邦宁。”
在做大发展蛋糕的同时分好蛋糕。
We will make the pie bigger and ensure that people get a fair share of it.
注：这是归化译法，英语中slice of the cake用来比喻a share of the proceeds or benefits
中国对外开放，不是要一家唱独角戏，而是要欢迎各方共同参与。
口译版本：China's opening-up is not a one-man show. Rather, it is an invitation open to all.
不是要营造自己的后花园，而是要建设各国共享的百花园。
口译版本：It's not to build China's own backyard garden, but actually a garden shared by all countries.
注：这个说法本身来自英语谚语in one's own backyard，比喻自己的势力范围。这里增加了garden，目的与“百花园”搭配，其实可以略去。
这种变化不会一蹴而就，也不会一帆风顺。
口译版本：Such changes will not take place overnight, or be problem-free.
重回以邻为壑的老路，不仅无法摆脱自身危机和衰退。
口译版本：To repeat the "beggar my neighbor" approach will not help any country out of the crises and recession.
注：“beggar my neighbor”是一种游戏“抢邻居”，有损人利己的意思。
“轻关易道，通商宽农。”
口译版本：According to the teaching of Chinese classics, the governance of a country should be based on simple customs procedures, improved infrastructure, convenience for business transactions and some preferential policies.
注：语出《国语·晋语四》，这里的“轻”“易”都是动词，表示减少关卡、整饬道路。“通商宽农”有着独特的历史背景，应为春秋时代是典型的农业经济，在本文语境中，并没有涉及“农业”问题，所以没有译出，防止出现信心干扰。这一版本解释较多，略显累赘。
没有哪一个国家可以独善其身，也没有哪一个国家可以包打天下。
口译版本：No country can develp on its own, and no country can resolve all problems without working with others.
和衷共济、和合共生是中华民族的历史基因。
口译版本：To seek harmony and coexistence is in the genes of Chinese nation throughout history.
常言说，小智治事，大智治制。
口译版本：As a Chinese saying goes, people with petty shrewdness attend to trivial matters, while those with greater wisdom attend to governance of institutions.
不搞一家独大或者赢者通吃。
口译版本：... instead of seeking dominance or winner-takes-all result.
中国有个诗句，叫做“弄潮儿向涛头立，手把红旗旗不湿。”
口译版本：As a Chinese poem reads, "the tide riders surf the currents; the flags they hold up never get wet."
英文翻译以口译版本为基础，尚有改进余地，供读者讨论。
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