来源：语言研究

近来占据全球各大媒体头条的恐怕要数美国希拉里和特朗普的 “大选二人转”了。11月8日，美国公民将用自己手中的票决定下任美国总统的人选。那么，在这之前，我们吃瓜群众先从三场辩论中学学英语吧。

 

 

　　第一场辩论一开始，两人有关就业和税收等经济政策的辩论中，希拉里表示，特朗普提出的为富人减税政策是trumped-up trickle-down。这里先说这个trickle-down，是一种经济理论，也叫trickle-down economics，翻译为“垂滴经济学”，说的是“一个体制中给予上层人的利益会传递给较低阶层的人”。Trumped-up是个固定表达，表示“伪造的，捏造的，莫须有的”。希拉里在这里用trumped-up来修饰trickle-down可谓一语双关，既表明这种理论是虚假的，同时提到了特朗普的名字Trump，说明这样不靠谱的政策是特朗普提出来的。姜果然是老的辣。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　I call it trumped-up trickle-down, because that's exactly what it would be. That is not how we grow the economy.

 

　　我把他的政策称为虚无的垂滴政策（或者“特朗普鼓吹的垂滴政策”），因为事实就是这样。那可不是我们的经济应该发展的模式。

 

　　2. Cut regulations

 

　　还是在第一场辩论两人聊经济政策的时候，特朗普表示在减税的同时，他还要精简各类规章制度。这个跟咱们国家这几年提出的“简政”（streamline administration）好像有点类似？不过，由于特朗普一向用词简单明了，所以cut自然是首选啦。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　I'm going to cut regulations. I'm going to cut taxes big league, and you're going to raise taxes big league, end of story.

 

　　我打算精简规章制度。我要大规模减税，而你要大规模增税。就是这么回事儿。”

 

　　3. All talk, no action.

 

　　在谈到如何达到共同繁荣的话题时，希拉里表示要鼓励中产阶级的发展，为大学生提供低息贷款，实现包容性经济增长。特朗普直接来一句：典型的政客。只说不做。其实，中文里表达这个意思的说法也不少，比如，李克强总理曾经说过的“喊破嗓子不如甩开膀子”（Talking the talk is not as good as walking the walk），“说起来容易做起来难”（it’s easier said than done）,“光说不练”（all talk and no action），等等。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Typical politician. All talk, no action. Sounds good, doesn't work. Never going to happen. Our country is suffering because people like Secretary Clinton have made such bad decisions in terms of our jobs and in terms of what's going on.

 

　　典型的政客。光说不练。听起来很好，完全没用。永远不会实现。就是因为像希拉里这样的人在就业和发展方面做了这些糟糕的决策，我们国家才会经受这些困境。

 

 

　　这个词是braggadocio的复数形式，表示“自我吹嘘，吹牛大王”等意，英语中意思相近的词还有，brag，boast，blow one's trumpet等。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　I have a great company. I have a tremendous income. And the reason I say that is not in a braggadocios way. It's because it's about time that this country had somebody running it that has an idea about money.

 

　　我有个很棒的公司。我有巨额收入。我这么说不是在吹牛，而是因为我们国家该由一个懂钱的人来管理了。

 

 

　　在第一场辩论的第二部分，两人就美国的方向展开辩论，主要是关于种族歧视问题。特朗普表示，被列在watch list和no fly list上的人应该被密切监视和关注。Watch list就是国际刑警组织列出的有恐怖分子嫌疑的人员名单，no fly list大家都知道，就是“禁飞名单”，也是因为有恐怖分子嫌疑而被禁止搭乘飞机的人员名单。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　First of all, I agree, and a lot of people even within my own party want to give certain rights to people on watch lists and no fly lists. I agree with you, when a person is on a watch list or a no fly list -- and I have the endorsement of the NRA, which I'm very proud of, these are very very good people, and they are protecting the Second Amendment -- but I think we have to look very strongly at no fly lists and watch lists, and when people are on there, even if they shouldn't be on there, we'll help them, we'll help them legally, we'll help them get off. But I tend to agree with that, quite strongly.

 

　　首先，我同意，共和党内很多人都想让在监视名单和禁飞名单上的人有一些特定的权利。我同意你的意见。如果有人被列入监视名单或禁飞名单，插一句，我得到了美国步枪协会的支持，这让我很自豪，他们都是特别特别好的人，他们在捍卫第二修正案，但我认为我们应该对列在这些名单上的人严密监视，如果有人被列入这些名单，就算他们不应该被列入，我们帮助他们，用合法的方式帮助他们，帮助他们解除嫌疑。但我还是同意，严密监视。

 

 

　　在第一场辩论的最后一部分，两人就如何保障美国的安全展开辩论，话题围绕网络安全。Wreak havoc是一个固定搭配，wreak是动词，表示“造成（混乱或破坏）； 实施（报复）”，havoc则表示“大动乱，浩劫”等严重受损的局面，常用的搭配是wreak havoc on somebody/something，比如：Their policies would wreak havoc on the economy. 如果要表示“实施报复”可以用wreak vengeance on表示。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　There's no doubt now that Russia has used cyberattacks against all kinds of organizations in our country, and I am deeply concerned about this. I know Donald is very praise -- praiseworthy of Vladimir Putin. But Putin is playing a very tough, long game here. And one of the things he's done is to let loose cyber attackers to hack into government files, to hack into personal files, hack into the Democratic National Committee. And we recently have learned that this is one of their preferred methods of trying to wreak havoc and collect information.

 

　　俄罗斯对我国的各类机构进行网络攻击这事儿已经毫无疑问了，我对此很担忧。我知道特朗普对普京赞赏有加。但是，普京在跟我们玩一个长期且有难度的游戏。他做过的事情包括，让网络攻击人员肆意入侵我们的政府文件、个人档案以及民主党全国委员会。我们最近才意识到，他们更愿意用这样的方式对我们造成巨大伤害，然后收集我们的信息。

 

　　7. Taunt

 

　　说到伊朗问题时，希拉里表示自己在担任国务卿期间，对伊朗实施了制裁，还把俄罗斯、中国等联合国安理会国家召集到一起商讨伊朗无核化协议，最终在克里担任国务卿时期不费一枪一弹达成协议。Taunt是个多功能的词，可用作名词、形容词和动词，表示“嘲笑，奚落，讥讽，笑柄”等意。这里想介绍几个结尾字母与其相近的几个词：flaunt，炫耀/夸耀，我们原来说的“炫富”就可以用flaunt wealth表示；haunt，经常光顾/时常萦绕心头，比如：this café is the haunt of office workers in the building；vaunt，吹嘘/自夸，比如，empty vaunt/he is a real vaunter等。这个vaunt可以补充进前面第4条braggadocios的近义词当中。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　I spent a year and a half putting together a coalition that included Russia and China, to impose the toughest sanctions on Iran, and we did drive them to the negotiating table. And my successor, John Kerry and President Obama got a deal that put a lid on Iran's nuclear program. Without firing a single shot. That's diplomacy. That's coalition building. That's working with other nations. The other day, I saw Donald saying that there were some Iranian sailors on a ship in the waters off of Iran, and they were taunting American sailors who were on a nearby ship. He said, you know, if they taunted our sailors, I'd blow them out of the water and start another war.

 

　　我花了一年半的时间把俄罗斯和中国等国家叫到一起，对伊朗实施了最严厉的制裁，后来我们的确把伊朗拖到了谈判桌前。我的继任者克里和奥巴马总统最终和伊朗达成了限制其核项目协议。没有费一枪一弹。那才是外交。那才是结盟。那才是与其他国家合作。有一天，我看到特朗普说，伊朗海域附近一艘船上的伊朗士兵在嘲笑临近一艘船上的美国士兵。他说，你知道，如果他们嘲笑我们的士兵，我会把他们的船炸了，然后再发动一次战争。

 

 

　　到了第二场，辩论的形式灵活了一些，观众提问，两位候选人回答，主持人会适时跟进一些问题（ask follow-up questions）。因为这种形式很像某个小镇开会议事，居民提问，镇长回答，所以被称为town hall debate，现场观众就被称为town hall participants。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Tonight's debate is a town hall format which gives voters the chance to directly ask the candidates questions. Martha and I will ask follow-up questions but the night really belongs to the people in this room and to people across the country who committed questions online. The people you see on this stage were chosen by the Gallup organization, are all from the St. Louis area and told Gallup they have not committed to a candidate. Each of them came here with questions they wanted to ask and we saw the questions for the first time this morning.

 

　　（主持人Anderson Cooper）今晚的辩论采用市政厅会议的形式，选民有机会直接向两位候选人提问。Martha和我会跟进一些问题，但提问权属于今天在场的观众以及在线提交问题的全国民众。今天在场的观众是有盖乐普公司在圣路易斯地区挑选出来的，他们都表明对任何一位候选人没有倾向性。每一位观众都带来了自己想问的问题，我们也是今天早晨才看到这些问题。

 

 

　　Mimic指“戏仿某人”，也就是说，通过模仿别人来取笑别人；mock比mimic更甚，指“嘲弄别人”，有时也是通过模仿来表现对别人的嘲弄和嘲笑。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　He never apologized to Mr. And Mrs. Khan, the gold star family whose son, Captain Khan died in the line of duty in Iraq and Donald insulted and attacked them for weeks over their religion. He never apologized to the distinguished federal judge who was born in Indiana, but Donald said he couldn't be trusted to be a judge because his parents were "Mexican." He never apologized to the reporter that he mimicked and mocked on national television and our children were watching. And he never apologized for the racist lie that President Obama was not born in the United States of America. He owes the president an apology and he owes our country an apology and he needs to take responsibility for his actions and his words.

 

　　他从来没有向卡恩夫妇道过歉，他们家是金星家庭（金星家庭指在战斗或者军事行动中牺牲的美军士兵的直系亲属），他们的儿子是在伊拉克战争中牺牲的卡恩上尉，而特朗普连续几周侮辱他们、攻击他们的宗教信仰。他从来没有向出生在印第安纳州的一位出色的联邦法官道歉，特朗普说这位法官不值得信任，因为他的父母是墨西哥人。他从来没有向那位被他公开在电视上嘲笑和模仿的记者道歉，我们国家的孩子们可都在看电视呢。他也从来没有向奥巴马总统就种族主义谎言道歉，他说奥巴马总统不是在美国出生的。他欠总统一个道歉，欠我们国家一个道歉，他要为他的言行负起责任。

 

 

　　Tarnish算是个常用词，动词名词皆可，指“污点/瑕疵，金属失去光泽，玷污或败坏（某人的名声）”，常见的搭配是tarnish somebody/something with something。与其意思相近的另外一个同级别词是blemish，也是动名词皆可用，表示“污点，玷污”等意，比如：He wasn't about to blemish that pristine record.

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　I don't know Putin. I think it would be great if we got along with Russia because we could fight ISIS together, as an example, but I don't know Putin. But I notice, any time anything wrong happens, they like to say the Russians, well she doesn't know if it's the Russians doing the hacking. Maybe there is no hacking, but there is - now Russia - and the reason they blame Russia is they think they’re trying to tarnish me with Russia. I know nothing about Russia - I know about Russia, but I know nothing about the inner workings of Russia. I don’t deal there, I have no businesses there, I have no loans from Russia.

 

　　我不认识普京。我觉得要是能跟俄罗斯搞好关系应该挺好的，因为我们可以一起对付ISIS。但我真的不认识普京。不过，我发现，每次有问题出现，他们很喜欢拿俄罗斯说事儿，其实她也不知道那些网络入侵是不是俄罗斯人干的。或者，根本没有入侵，但是俄罗斯是存在的，他们谴责俄罗斯是因为他们想用俄罗斯来诋毁我。我完全不了解俄罗斯——我知道俄罗斯，但我不了解俄罗斯内部的运作情况。我不和他们做生意，在那里没有买卖，也没跟俄罗斯借钱。

 

　　希拉里曾经评价特朗普的支持者中有一半应该受到谴责，称他们是种族主义者、性别歧视主义者、恐同分子、惧外分子、恐伊斯兰分子。被现场观众问及此事时，希拉里回应称，她很抱歉说过这样的话，不过她针对的是特朗普，而不是他的支持者。

 

　　Xenophobic，这里的xeno-是个前缀，表示alien，strange；phobic是phobia（恐惧症）的形容词形式，如果想表达患有某种恐惧症的人则用后缀phobe。列出一些常见的恐惧症：amaxophobia（乘车恐惧症）、kathisophobia（静坐恐惧症）、claustrophobia（密闭空间恐惧症），以及近几年才出现的nomophobia（无手机恐惧症）。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Cooper: I want to follow on with something Donald Trump said to you. A comment you made last month. You said half of Donald Trump supporters are quote deplorables. Racist, sexist, homophobic, xenophobic, islamophobic. You later said you regretted saying half. You didn't express regret for using the term deplorables. To Mr. Carter’s question, how can you unite a country if you've written off tens of millions of Americans?

 

　　主持人Cooper：我想就特朗普对你的言论跟进一下。上月你评论称，特朗普的支持者中有一半人应该受到谴责，称他们是种族主义者、性别歧视主义者、恐同分子、惧外分子、恐伊斯兰分子。后来，你说后悔说了‘一半’那个词。但你并没有对使用deplorables这个词表示后悔。回到卡特先生的提问，如果你都把这上千万的美国人给排除在外了，你怎么团结整个国家呢？

 

　　Clinton: Well within hours I said I was sorry about the way I talked about that because my argument is not with his supporters, it's with him and the divisive campaign he has run and the inciting of violence at his rallies and the very brutal kinds of comments about not just women, but all Americans.

 

　　克林顿：我说完那番话几个小时以后我就对此表示了歉意，我的言论并不是针对他的支持者，而是针对特朗普本人以及他这种分裂的竞选方式、他的竞选活动激起的暴力行为以及针对女性和全体美国人的残酷言论。”

 

　　5. Compliment

 

　　Compliment通常都用来表示“恭维、致意、赞美”，常用的搭配为pay/give someone a compliment，表示“赞美或恭维某人”。比如，有人看到你后说：“你走过来的时候，我还以为碰见范冰冰了呢！”这个时候你可以回答说“I’ll take that as a compliment. （我就当你是在夸我吧）”

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Clinton: Well, I respect his children. His children are incredibly able and devoted and I think that says a lot about Donald. I don't agree with nearly anything else he says or does, but I do respect that and think that is something that as a mother and a grandmother is very important to me.

 

　　克林顿：我觉得他的孩子们挺好的。他们都很有能力而且专注，这也反应了特朗普的为人。他的言行我差不多都不赞同，但我的确欣赏他的孩子们，这对我一个当了母亲和祖母的人来说很重要。

 

　　Trump: Well, I consider her statement about my children to be a very nice compliment. I don't know if it was meant to be a compliment, but it is a great... I'm proud of my children. They have done a wonderful job and they have been wonderful, wonderful kids. So I consider that a compliment. I will say this about Hillary. She doesn't quit and she doesn't give up. I respect that. I tell it like it is. She is a fighter. I disagree with much of what she is fighting for, I do disagree with her judgment in many cases, but she does fights hard and doesn't quit and she doesn’t give up, and I consider that a very good trait.

 

　　特朗普：她对于我家孩子的这番表达对我来说是很好的恭维。我不知道她说这些是不是算称赞我，不过的确受用，我以我的孩子们为荣。他们表现都很棒，是很好的孩子。所以，我觉得这是一种赞美。对于希拉里，我想说的是，她没有退出，没有放弃。我很尊重这一点。的确如此。她是个斗士。她为之战斗的很多事情我都不赞同，她做的很多决策我都反对，但是，她的确一直在战斗，没有退出，没有放弃，我觉得这是一个很好的品质。

 

　　其实，这个词并不怎么值得讲，但是，特朗普这三场辩论的发言中，这个词出现的频率非常高，当然，他自己本身就喜欢一个词说三遍。所以，不如就拿出来说一说吧。

 

　　这个词多用来表达“极”这个程度，尤指极大的，极好的。换句话说，如果用形容词的最高级形式还不足以表达你的意思，你就可以试试用tremendous。想看几个例句学学用法？特朗普给了我们好多呢。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Something happened recently where Justice Ginsburg made some very inappropriate statements toward me and toward a tremendous number of people.

 

　　最近有个事儿，金斯伯格大法官针对我和很多很多人发表了一些非常不妥的言论。”

 

　　“The justices that I am going to appoint will be pro-life. They will have a conservative bent. They will be protecting the second amendment. They are great scholars in all cases and they're people of tremendous respect.

 

　　我要提名的大法官们都将是珍视生命的，他们会倾向于保守，会保护第二修正案。他们是各个领域的伟大学者，是广受尊敬的人。”

 

　　“Let me just tell you before we go any further, in Chicago, which has the toughest gun laws in the United States, probably you could say by far, they have more gun violence than any other city. So we have the toughest laws and you have tremendous gun violence.

 

　　在我们继续讨论之前，先让我说一句。芝加哥的控枪法案是美国最严厉的，不过目前为止，芝加哥的枪支暴力事件比别的城市都要多。所以，我们有最严厉的法律，而你们有大量的枪支暴力事件。

 

　　2. Outsmart

 

　　两人聊着聊着移民又扯到俄罗斯和普京的话题上了。希拉里说对美国的网络入侵是俄罗斯人干的，而且是高层在背后策划，目的就是干预美国大选，帮助特朗普当选。特朗普再次表示不认识普京，并且表示，希拉里这么不喜欢普京是因为普京在很多事情上做得都比她聪明。Putin has outsmarted her at every step of the way.

 

　　这里的outsmart则是在形容词smart前面加了前缀out变身为动词使用，与其类似的另外一个词是outwit，用机智打败（别人），wit本身是个名词，加了前缀out以后也变成了动词，比如：He always manages to outwit his opponents.

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Clinton: He would rather believe Vladimir Putin than the military and civilian intelligence professionals who are sworn to protect us. I find that just absolutely –

 

　　希拉里：他宁愿相信普京也不愿相信那些发誓要保护我们的军队和平民专业情报人员。我觉得这个太…

 

　　Trump: She doesn't like Putin because Putin has outsmarted her at every step of the way.

 

　　特朗普：她不喜欢普京是因为普京在每件事上都做得比她聪明。

 

　　Trump: She has been outsmarted by Putin and all you have to do is look at the Middle East. They’ve taken over. We've spent $6 trillion. They've taken over the Middle East. She has been outsmarted and outplayed worse than anybody I've ever seen in any government whatsoever.

 

　　特朗普：她已经完败给普京了，你们看看中东就知道了。俄罗斯已经全面控制了中东。我们花了6万亿美元，结果中东让他们给控制了。她是所有政府官员中完败最彻底的一个。

 

　　3. Debunk

 

　　希拉里一直以从政经验丰富自居，特朗普却认为希拉里的经验都是糟糕的经验，还指出希拉里主政美国国务院期间有60亿美元不翼而飞。希拉里回应称那是谣传，早就被揭穿很多次了。

 

　　这个debunk是GRE词汇，指“破除传言，揭露真相”，如果在写作时用了这个词，当然在用对的情况下，一定会让书面表达提升一个档次，比如：A number of so-called scientific discoveries mentioned in his article have been debunked by several scientists.跟debunk意思相近的词还有disconfirm、refute等，这两个词都有“否认真实性”的意思，前者是在confirm前面加了表示否定意思的前缀dis来表示否定之意.

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Clinton: Well, first of all, what he just said about the State Department is not only untrue, it’s been debunked numerous times. But I think it's really an important issue. He raised the 30 years of experience, so let me just talk briefly about that. You know, back in the 1970s, I worked for the children's defense fund and I was taking on discrimination against African-American kids in schools. He was getting sued by the Justice Department for racial discrimination in his apartment buildings. In the 1980s, I was working to reform the schools in Arkansas. He was borrowing $14 million from his father to start his businesses. In the 1990s, I went to Beijing and I said women's rights are human rights. He insulted a former Miss Universe, Alicia Machado, and called her an eating machine.

 

　　希拉里：首先，他说的国务院那事儿不光不是真的，而且已经被多次证明是谣言。不过，我觉得这的确是个重要的话题。他提起了我30年的经验，那我就简要说一说我的经验。你们知道，在上世纪70年代的时候，我就为儿童保护基金会工作，而且还在学校里为受到歧视的非洲裔儿童奔走抗争。到了80年代，我在为阿肯色州的学校改革奔忙时，他向他的父亲借了1400万美元开始创业。90年代，我去了北京，提出女性权益就是人权。他侮辱了一位前环球小姐Alicia Machado，说她是饭桶。

 

 

　　说到候选人是否能胜任美国总统这一话题时，两人又因为之前特朗普侮辱女性的事情吵了起来。特朗普说，最近站出来说他曾经冒犯过自己的女性可能都是希拉里团队找来的，她们说的话都是假的。希拉里引用了特朗普好几句贬低女性话来反驳，说贬低女性让他感觉自己很高大。Belittling women makes him bigger.

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Clinton: About another woman, he said “that wouldn't be my first choice.” He attacked the woman reporter writing the story, called her disgusting, as he has called a number of women during this campaign. Donald thinks belittling women makes him bigger. He goes after their dignity, their self-worth, and I don't think there is a woman anywhere that doesn't know what that feels like.

 

　　希拉里：关于另一位女性，他说‘这不会是我的首选。’他攻击写了那篇报道的女记者，说她恶心，在竞选期间，他这样说过好多位女性。特朗普认为贬低女性让他自己更高大。他攻击她们的自尊和自我价值，任何一位女性都知道被那样攻击的滋味。

 

　　5. Rigged

 

　　本场辩论最大亮点就在这个词出现的时候。主持人问特朗普，你说本届大选被认为操控了，但是你的竞选伙伴公开表示你们会接受最终的选举结果，那么你本人是否愿意接受最终的大选结果。特朗普没有正面回答。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Wallace: Mr. Trump, I want to ask you about one last question in this topic. You've been warning at rallies recently that this election is rigged and that Hillary Clinton is in the process of trying to steal it from you. Your running mate Governor Pence pledged on Sunday that he and you, his words, will absolutely accept the result of this election. Today your daughter Ivanka said the same thing. I want to ask you here on the stage tonight, do you make the same commitment that you'll absolutely accept the result of the election.

 

　　主持人：特朗普先生，在这个话题上我想问你最后一个问题。你曾经在竞选活动中警告说，本届大选被人操控，说希拉里正在试图从你手中偷走选票。你的竞选伙伴Pence周日表示，你和他，他的原话，绝对接受最终的大选结果。今天，你的女儿Ivanka也说了同样的话。今晚，在这里我想问问你，你是否同意他们的承诺，你会绝对接受最终的大选结果？

 

　　Trump: I will look at it at the time. I’m not looking at anything now, I'll look at it at the time. What I've seen, what I’ve seen, is so bad. First of all, the media is so dishonest and so corrupt and the pile on is so amazing. "The New York Times" actually wrote an article about it, but they don't even care. It is so dishonest, and they have poisoned the minds of the voters. But unfortunately for them, I think the voters are seeing through it.

 

　　特朗普：到时候我会考虑这个问题。目前还没有考虑任何有关事宜，到时候再说。我所见到的情况，非常糟糕。首先，媒体都不诚实，都太腐败了，他们的腐败、说谎事件多到令人惊奇。《纽约时报》专门就这个话题写了篇文章，但是，他们完全不在意。他们太不诚实了，以及毒害了很多选民的大脑。不过，我觉得选民们会看透真相的，这对他们来说不是好消息。

 

　　Wallace: But, sir, there is a tradition in this country, in fact, one of the prides of this country is the peaceful transition of power and no matter how hard fought a campaign is that at the end of the campaign, that the loser concedes to the winner. Not saying you're necessarily going to be the loser or the winner, but that the loser concedes to the winner and the country comes together in part for the good of the country. Are you saying you're not prepared now to commit to that principle?

 

　　主持人：但是，特朗普先生，我们国家有一个传统，也是我们国家引以为傲的一个传统，就是政权的平稳过度。无论竞选斗争多么激烈，在大选的最后结果出来的时候，失败的一方会承认当选一方胜出。我不是说你一定会失败或胜出，但是失败的一方承认败选然后整个国家团结一致朝好的方向出发。你是说，你现在还没有准备好要遵循这个传统吗？

 

　　Trump: What I’m saying is that I will tell you at the time. I'll keep you in suspense, okay?

 

　　特朗普：我说的是，到时候我会告诉你答案，现在先卖个关子，行吗？

 

 

　　在本场辩论的最后，主持人就美国的债务问题向两人提问时提到了entitlements这个话题，entitlements其实就是指社保、医保等国民保障性福利。主持人提到，这些保障性福利占美国联邦支出的60%，到本世纪20年代，美国的医保基金就要没钱了，到了30年代，社保基金也要空了，届时，人们的保障性福利就要大幅削减了，两位打算怎么办呢？特朗普说，我要减税，我要提振经济。希拉里说，我要对富人多征税，多往社保基金里投钱。

 

　　原话摘录

 

　　Wallace: The one last area I want to get into with you in the debate is the fact that the biggest driver of our debt is entitlements, which is 60% of all federal spending. Now the committee for a Responsible Federal Budget has looked at both of your plans and they say neither of you has a serious plan that is going to solve the fact that Medicare is going to run out of money in the 2020s, Social Security is going to run out of money in the 2030s, and at that time, recipients are going to take huge cuts in their benefits. In fact, the final question I want to ask you in this regard is -- and let me start with you, Mr. Trump. Would President Trump make a deal to save Medicare and Social Security that included both tax increases and benefit cuts, in effect a grand bargain on entitlements?

 

　　主持人Wallace：最后我想让你们俩辩论的是，我们国家债务背后最大的推手是保障性福利，占到联邦支持的60%。尽责联邦预算委员会看过的二位的方案，对于本世纪20年代，医保基金要没钱和30年代社保基金没钱这个问题，你们二位都没有给出实质的解决方案。到那个时候，所有参保人员的保障就要大幅削减了。所以，我想问的最后一个问题是，特朗普先生，你先来吧，你会通过增税和减福利来拯救医保和社保，为保障性福利做出妥协吗？

 

　　Trump: I'm cutting taxes. We're going to grow the economy. It's going to grow in a record rate.

 

　　特朗普：我要减税。我们会发展经济。经济会以创纪录的速度增长。

 

　　Wallace: That's not going to help with entitlements.

 

　　主持人Wallace：这些都无助于解决保障性福利的问题啊。

 

　　……

 

　　Clinton: Well, Chris, I am record as saying we need to put more money into Social Security Trust fund. That's part of my commitment to raise taxes on the wealthy. My Social Security payroll contribution will go up as will Donald's assuming he can't figure out how to get out of it, but what we want to do is –

 

　　希拉里：Chris，我原来就说过我们需要往社保信托基金里多投钱。这其实是我说要对富人多征税的承诺的一部分。我的计划中，工资中扣缴的社保比例要提高，而特朗普还在想办法脱离扣缴社保的系统，我们要做的是……

 

　　Trump: Such a nasty woman.

 

　　特朗普：真是个恶毒的女人。