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Unit 12 English programmes
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Radio
Broadcasting
 Radio is one
of our most important means of communication. It
enables people to send words, music, codes, and
other signals to any part of the world. People
also use radio to communicate far into space. The
most widespread and familiar use of radio is
broadcasting. Radio broadcasts feature music,
news, discussions, interviews, descriptions of
sports events, and advertising. People wake up to
clock radios and ride to their jobs listening to
automobile radios. They also spend leisure hours
hearing their favorite programs on radio.
Radio broadcasting once had much the same
entertainment role as television has today. From
the 1920's to the early 1950's, millions of
families gathered around their radios every night.
They listened to dramas, light comedies, variety
shows, live music, and other kinds of programs.
This period, which is sometimes called the Golden
Age of Broadcasting, ended with the rise of
television during the 1950's.
Radio programming varies from country to
country. But in all countries, programs primarily
provide entertainment and information. Let's take
the programming in the United States as an
example.
About 90 percent of all programs broadcast
in the United States are designed for
entertainment. The other 10 percent provide some
kind of information. Advertisements are broadcast
during and between the programs of commercial
stations, which account for about 87 percent of
all the stations. Noncommercial stations, also
called educational or public stations, do not have
commercials. Radio stations compete with one
another for listeners. Most stations program
broadcasts to appeal to a specific audience. For
example, stations that play rock music try to
attract teen-age and young adult listeners.
Recorded music is the chief kind of radio
entertainment. Most stations specialize in one
kind of music, such as rock, classical, country
and western, or “old-time favorites”. Some
stations broadcast several kinds of music. Radio
stations that broadcast music have disc jockeys
who introduce and comment on the music. They play
an important role. Each station tries to hire disc
jockeys whose announcing styles and personalities
appeal to the station's largest audience.
Some stations broadcast dramas from time to
time. During the 1970's and 1980's, an increasing
number of stations began broadcasting recordings
of Golden Age shows.
Programs that provide information include
newscasts, talk shows, and play by play
descriptions of sports events.
Newscasts come on the air at regular
times-every half-hour or an hour on most stations.
In addition, radio stations present on-the-spot
news coverage of such special events as political
conventions, space shots, Senate hearings, and
speeches by the President. Radio stations also
broadcast such specialized news as weather
forecasts, traffic reports, and stock market and
agricultural information. Other news features
include public service announcements about
community events, activities of community groups,
and government services. A few stations broadcast
only news to serve listeners who prefer news
programs to music.
Talk shows present discussions on a variety
of topics and interviews with people from many
professions. Each show has a host or hostess who
leads the discussion or does the interviewing. The
subject of a program may be a current political
topic, such as an election or a government policy,
or it may deal with a social issue, such as crime,
pollution, poverty, racism, or sexism. Many talk
shows allow listeners to take part in the program.
Listeners are invited to telephone the station to
ask questions or give their opinions about the
topic.
Sports events, like news, have always been
an important part of radio programming. Sports
announcers try to capture a game's action and
excitement for the listeners. Most of the games
played by the more than 100 major league baseball,
basketball, football, and hockey teams in the
United States and Canada are broadcast locally on
radio. Radio stations also broadcast many college
and some high school sports contests.
Television
 Television
also called TV, is one of our most important means
of communication. It brings pictures and sounds
from around the world into millions of homes.
People with a television set can sit at home and
watch the President make a speech or visit a
foreign country. They can see a war being fought,
and they can watch government leaders try to bring
about peace. Through television, viewers can see
and learn about people, places, and things in
faraway lands. Television even takes viewers out
of this world with coverage of America's
astronauts as the astronauts explore outer space.
 In
addition to all these things, television brings
its viewers a steady stream of programs that are
designed to entertain. In fact, TV provides many
more entertainment programs than any other kind.
The programs include action-packed dramas, light
comedies, soap operas, sporting events, cartoon,
quiz, and variety shows, and motion pictures.
About 89 million homes in the United
States-or about 97 percent of all the country's
homes-have at least one TV set. About 70 percent
of American homes have two or more TV's.
Altogether, there are about 214 million sets in
the United States. On the average, a TV set is in
use in each home for about 7 hours each day. As a
result, TV has an important influence on how
people spend their time and on what they see and
learn.
 Because
of its great popularity, television has become a
major way to reach people with advertising
messages. Most TV stations carry hundreds of
commercials each day. In the mid-1980's, about $24
billion a year was spent on television advertising
in the United States. The use of television
advertising has greatly changed the process of
getting elected to public office in the United
States. Before TV, candidates relied chiefly on
public appearances to urge people to vote for
them. Today, most candidates for high office reach
many more people through TV than they reach in
person.
The name television comes from a Greek word
meaning far and a Latin word meaning to see. Thus,
television means to see far. Most pictures and
sounds received by a television set are beamed
from a television station on electronic signals
called electromagnetic waves. The television set
changes these waves back into pictures and sounds.
 Many
scientists contributed to the development of
television, and no one person can be called its
inventor. Experiments leading to the invention of
TV began in the 1800's, but progress was slow.
Television as we know it today was not developed
until the 1920's, and it had little importance in
communication until the late 1940's. But during
one 10-year period-the 1950's-it became part of
most households in the United States. Since then,
television has gained importance in most other
countries. In addition, many organizations,
including businesses, hospitals, and schools, now
use television for their own special purposes. |
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Unit
12 English programmes
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[拓展知识]
1. 词法
(1) with the name
[说明]with the name 意思是
“称为” ，相当于called/named
以及定语从句 “whose
name is…”。还有 “by the
name of…”等。
例如：The young man called
Tom is Kate's brother.
叫汤姆的年轻人是凯特的兄弟。
In America there is a
city with the name “Boston”.
在美国有一个名叫波士顿的城市。
(2) do
[说明] do
除了作实义动词外，还有很多种助动词用法。在“If
you do have difficulties,
it is better to try again
another day.”句中，do是助动词，用来加强语气。助动词do,
does, did
可用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，与动词连用，以加强语气，在句
中要重读。翻译时将其强调的意思表达出来即可。
例如：He did come yesterday.
他昨天确实来了。(注意把come恢复原形)
Li Ming does speak
Japanese very well.
李明日语的确说得好(注意speak
要恢复原形)。
Do be careful.
千万小心。
(3) go with
[说明] go with
短语有很多用法，如：陪同，与……有相同观点，配合、适合，常与……在一起等用法。
例如： I'll go with you.
我陪你去。
I can't go with you on
that.(I don't agree with you.)
关于那一点我不同意你的观点。
These new curtains don't
go well with your Persian rugs.
这些新窗帘与你的波斯地毯不协调。
[练习题]
1.Language ____ French, Italian and
Spain come from Latin.
A. because of B. except
for C. for example D. such as
2. It's foolish ___you to do this.
A. for B. of C. about
D. from
3. The colour of cap doesn't ___
that green coat at all.
A. go with B. get on with
C. go on with D. get with
4. They found that the article was
difficult____.
A. to be understand B.
understood C. to understand D.
understand
5. You can learn foreign
languages___ listening to programmes in foreign
languages
___ the radio.
A. from ,by B. with, in
C. and, at D. by, on
2. 语法句法
(1) I find listening really hard.
[说明]
有些动词后面常用形容词，副词或介词短语作宾补，这些词是
find, make, think,
paint, keep等。
例如：Sunshine on my shoulder
makes me happy.
阳光洒在我身上，使我感到很开心。
I found the book interesting.
我发觉这本书很有趣。
They painted the wall blue.
他们把墙刷成蓝色。
Keep the door open.
把门开着。
We seldom found him out.
我们很少发现他出去。
When she woke up, she found
herself in hospital.
她醒来的时候发觉自己在医院里。
(2) 现在完成进行时的用法
[说明]
现在完成进行时表示从过去开始，一直到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可
能还要继续下去，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：They have been working in
America ever since 1999.
从1999年他们就一直在美国工作。
Where have you been? I've
been looking for you for a long time.
你去哪儿了？
我一直找了你好长时间。
[练习题]
1. The policeman ___ who had stolen
the bike at last, didn't he?
A. found out B. found
C. discovered D. tested
2. He didn't attend the party
yesterday ____his mother's serious illness.
A. because B. because of
C. as a result D. in fact
3. Mr Zhang ___in our school ever
since 1979.
A. was teaching B. is
teaching C. was taught D. has been
teaching
4. He lived in a room ___ window
faced the south.
A. whose B. who C.
who's D. which
5. You'd better ___here.
A. not smoking B. to smoke
C. not smoke D. don't smoke |
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Unit 12 English programmes
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[基础知识]
1. 词法
(1) prepare
[说明] prepare
既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。经常用于“prepare
for…”结构中，意
为 “为……做准备”。
例如：prepare a meal ( one's
lessons)
预备饭 ( 功课)
prepare for an attack
准备应付进攻
Hope for the best and
prepare for the worst.
有最好的希望，作最坏的打算。
I'm preparing a speech
for the meeting on Saturday.
我正为周六的会准备讲演稿。
(2) advice
[说明] advice
是名词，意为 “劝告，建议”。该词是不可数名词，如表示一条建议则说“a
piece of advice”。常用于give
sb. some advice ( on/about)
结构中。该词还可以接that
从句 (需用虚拟语气)。On
sb's advice 表示“按照某人的建议……”
例如：He gave us a piece of
advice on our work.
他给我们的工作提了一条建议。
They gave us some advice
that we (should) take more exercises.
他们建议我们多锻炼身体。
On the doctor's advice,
he began to take more exercises.
听了医生的建议，他开始多锻炼身体了。
(3) pick
[说明]pick作及物动词时意为“采摘，拾起，拿起，挑出，捡出，接”。常用于pick
up“拾起，
拿起，接收，用车接”,
pick out“挑出，捡出”结构中。
例如：---Where did you get
the rose?
你从哪里摘的玫瑰？
--- I picked it from the
garden.
从花园。
As soon as the bell
rang, I picked up the phone.
电话一响我就拿起了听筒。
When you arrive, please
call me. I'll pick you up.
你到了就给我打电话，我用车接你。
Pick out some good
apples from the box, and throw away the rest.
把好苹果从盒子里捡出来，剩下的扔了。
(4) ask for
[说明] 动词短语 ask for 作
“要求得到，要求给予”解。根据句子的意思，可灵活掌握译
法。“ask sb for sth”意为
“要求某人给予某物”。
例如：I'm sorry. The book you
asked for has been sold out.
对不起，你要的书卖完了。
If you have trouble
finding the place, you may ask the police for
help.
如果找那个地方有困难，你可以问警察。
[练习题]
1. Why don't you _____your parents
for advice?
A. asking B. asked C.
to ask D. ask
2. If you want, you can ___BBC
English programmes clearly on the radio.
A. picking up B. picks up
C. pick up D. pick
3. Our English teacher gave us ___
on how to study English well.
A. an advice B. much
advice C. some advices D. many
advice
4. It's easier ___ than ___.
A. said , did B. to say,
to do C. say, do D. says, does
5. Here is a piece of advice on how
to learn English well. ___it please.
A. Take B. Get C.
Have D. Carry
2.语法句法
(1) the more…, the…
[说明] the + 比较级……,
the + 比较级…… 的意思是 “越……,
就越……/ 愈……,愈……”。
句中的比较级可以是形容词，也可以是副词。
例如：The more one has, the
more one wants.
越有越贪。
The harder you work, the
greater progress you'll make.
你越努力，进步就越大。
(2) It's not difficult to find out
information about the programmes.
[说明] 此句中 it
是形式主语，而真正的主语是句子后部的不定式或不定式短语。当这个不
定式很短的时候，可以把这个不定式放在主语位置，而无需借助于形式主语。
例如：It's necessary to read
English every day if you want to improve your
spoken
English.
如果你想提高英语口语，每天读英语是很必要的。
It is easy to do, but it is
difficult to understand.
= To do is easy, but to
understand is difficult.
做起来容易，要理解却很难。
(3) They are of great help to learners of
English.
[说明] 句中的 “of + help”结构相当于形容词
helpful (有帮助的)。这种 “of +抽象名词”的
结构常用来描述一个人或事的特征。
例如：His advice on how to learn
English is of great use.
= His advice on how to
learn English is very useful.
他关于怎样学英语的建议很有用。
What did he say is of
importance.= What did he say is very important.
他说的很重要。
[练习题]
1． ___ once is better than to hear
a hundred times.
A. See B. You C.
Seen D. To see
2. In the beginning, he ___some
difficulty in learning Japanese.
A. did had B. did have
C. does have D. does has
3. They did the hard work ___.
A. from one day to the other
B. from day to day
C. day after another D.
day by the day
4. I've been to many beautiful city
in America, ___ New York, Washington, D.C. and
Boston.
A. which are B. that is
C. for example D. such as
5. Is _____necessary to read English
every day?
A. he B. that C.
what D. it
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Unit
12 English programmes
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Unit 12 English programmes
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Lesson 46
1 Read the passage in Lesson 46 and then answer
these questions. Write down the answers
in your exercise books.
1 What programmes does the BBC World Service
broadcast?
2 What people is BBC English for?
3 How can you find out information about the
BBC English programmes?
4 How can you pick up the BBC English
programmes?
5 Are there any English programmes on the air
in China?
6 Have you ever listened to China Radio
International or English On Sunday?
7 Do you find it easy or hard to understand?
8 Do you think it is useful to watch English
programmes on TV?
2 Make up sentences using the following words.
1 with the name “Bush House”, in the centre
of London, the BBC English office, in a tall
white building, is
2 to pick up, it is necessary, the BBC English
programmes, to have a short-wave radio
3 all over the world, the World Service, 35
other languages, in English, and, broadcasts
programmes
4 there is, written and spoken English, the
difference, about, a programme, between
3 Match the words with the phrases.
1
impossible
2 advice
3 special
4 broadcast
5 centre |
A
to send out something by radio or TV
B not possible
C the middle of something
D opinion about what to do
E not common, usual or general |
4 Put the following into Chinese
BBC ENGLISH PROGRAMME
17:45
World
news
18:00
English
language teaching
18:25
Life
in Britain
18:45
Special
English programme
19:10
Western
music
19:45
Difference between written and spoken English
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1 Answer
1 It broadcasts all kinds of programmes，for
example,there is a special grammar programme for
explaining difficult grammar points. There are also
programmes about life in Britain, about the
differences between written and spoken English,
and English lessons which broadcast every day on
the radio with explanations in English and other
languages.
2 It is for people who want to improve their English.
3 You can write to BBC English and ask for any
information you need.
4 It's necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up
the programmes.
5 Yes, there are, such as Radio English On Sunday
and China Radio International.
6 Yes.
7 I find it easy to understand if you listen to it more
often.
8 Yes, it's very useful.
本题提示说明：略
2 Answer
1 The BBC English office is in a tall white building with
the name “Bush House” in the centre of London.
2 It is necessary to have a short-wave radio to pick
up the BBC English programmes.
3 The World Service broadcasts programmes in
English and 35 other languages all over the world.
4 There is a programme about the difference
between written and spoken English.
本题提示说明：略
3 Answer
参考答案：1 B
2 D
3 E
4 A
5 C
本题提示说明：略
4 Answer
参考答案：
BBC 英语节目表
17：45 世界新闻
18：00 英语教学讲座
18：25 英国生活
18：45 英语特别节目
19：10 西方音乐
19：45 书面英语和口语的区别
本题提示说明：略
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