说明：目前专八的辅导书中，最具权威的当属邹申主编的《高校英语专业八级考试指南》，但这本书确未能提供翻译部分十几套题的答案，叫人为之扼腕。没有参考译文对于自我练习提高有一定的障碍。在此，提供翻译部分的参考答案，以补缺憾。
翻译无定论，参考答案，顾名思义就是仅供参考，希望读者能提供更好的译文版本，提供给大家。(部分译文未在此提供，考虑到是历年真题中的内容，故不重复)
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅰ
（翻译部分，原书P. 43-44）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（原 文）
近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中
的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。
在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果
是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可
缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒喧几句甚至海阔天空地
聊一番也就各自走开。只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不
说先递名片反倒有些勉强。
法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多色的或带香味儿
的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不
堪的感觉。
（参考译文）
In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have
become more and more interested in discussing about name cards and invitation
letters. This has triggered my reminiscences of the name cards and invitation
letters of the French people that I saw when I was residing in Paris. In
writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some
useful information for us to learn from.
In Paris, all the wine parties and buffet receptions held on various
occasions provide optimum opportunities to make friends with all varieties of
people. When encountering a stranger on such an occasion, an Asian would
invariably hand over his name card to the newly-met stranger with full
reverence, with both of his hands, even before he starts to converse with the
stranger. Such an act seems to have become an indispensable ritual (formality/
etiquette). By contrast, an average Frenchman seldom takes the initiative to
(offers to / volunteers to) present his name card. Instead, he would simply
walk away after an exchange of routine greetings or even some aimless (random/
casual) chat. Only when both sides become deeply engrossed (engaged / involved)
in their conversation and have the intention to make further acquaintance with
each other would they offer to give their name cards. It would seem somehow
bizarre if a French person offers his name card without saying anything to the
stranger in the first place.
The French tend to take extraordinary precaution to make their name cards
simple yet elegant. Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are
seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells. The
letters as appear on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not
allowing the name of the card-bearer to be overly prominent/salient. The entire
card contains much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness.
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（原 文）
Four months before the election day, five men gathered in a small
conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize
calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It
was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the
office was practically deserted. Even so, the men kept the door shut and the
drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come
from around the country for a critical meeting. Their aim was to devise a
strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second
term in the White House.
It should have been easy. These were battle-tested veterans with long ties
to Reagan and even longer ones to the Republican party, men who understood
presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the
campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at
peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding
vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly
financed, with plenty of money for a topflight staff, travel, and television
commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a
president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills.
Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John. F. Kennedy in
projecting a broad vision of America -a nation of renewed military strength,
individual initiative, and smaller federal government.
（参考译文）
在离选举日还有四个月的时间，有五个人聚集在里根－布什总部的一个小型会议室里，
翻着看一张硕大无比的日历，日历上清晰地标识出了1984年总统竞选剩下的日子。这是六月
份的最后一个星期六的上午10时，整幢办公楼的其他部分几近人去楼空。即便如此，这几个
人仍将大门紧闭，小心翼翼地拉下窗帘。三个主要人物及其二个副手从美国的不同地方汇聚
在一起，召开一个殊为重要的会议。他们的目标是构思出一种策略，来确保里根能再次当
选，在第二任期内再度入主白宫。
要谋求再次当选理应轻而易举。这是一些久经沙场的退伍老兵，与里根有着千丝万缕的
漫长联系，与共和党的联系甚至更为久远。这些人深谙总统政治，一如他们熟知这个国家中
的所有政治事务那样。竞选的背景十分宜人，可供大做文章的好消息俯拾皆是：美国正置身
于太平盛世之中；作为选举的一个关键因素，整个国家的经济在步出萧条期之后正强劲反
弹。此外，竞选本身所筹得的款项更是不计其数。用于支付一流水平的竞争班子工作人员工
资、进行巡回造势、以及制作播放电视广告的钱款绰绰有余。最为重要的是，他们所推介的
总统候选人是罗纳尔德· 里根（Ronald Reagan），一位风度翩翩，魅力无穷，又极具迷人
沟通技巧的执政总统。与约翰·F·肯尼迪（John F. Kennedy）以来的任何一位历届总统相
比，里根更成功地勾勒出了一幅广阔的关于美国未来的前景--美国将成了一个重振军事雄
风、民众富于个人进取心、联邦政府更加精简高效的国家。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅱ
（翻译部分，原书P. 73-74）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（原 文）
来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一
天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔
人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔
学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学
生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌："本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，
工作时间必须全力以赴。"这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有
14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，
硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。
（参考译文）
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students
who come to pursue further education in the United States work on their studies
most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend
one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore,
compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful.
My supervisor ( advisor / tutor) is of Asian origin who is addicted to
alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp (an irritable) temper. Nevertheless, he
highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian
students and has a particularly keen insight into the psychology of Asian
students. Hence, of all the students recruited by his laboratory, except for
one German, the rest five were all from Asia. He even put a striking notice on
the door of his lab, which read, "All the research assistants of this
laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10 AM to 12 PM. Nothing but
work during the working hours." This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus
for his severity and harshness. In the course of the 3 and half years that I
stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and
only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph. D. degrees.
In the summer of 1990, ignoring the remonstrations (admonishments /
dissuasions) from others, I accepted my supervisor's sponsorship and embarked
on the difficult journey of academic pursuit (undertaking further studies in
the United States).
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（原 文）
Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not
inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society's power of
choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture,
accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why
should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and
education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not
just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the
desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation
is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the
masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are
the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the
possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the
most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.
（参考译文）
聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃
社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人
支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健
康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了
吃、喝或搏杀，而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表
现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰
作中寻找到了其实现形式。这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。作为试金石，它们能衡
量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们携带着最寓意深刻的主题，可在人类彼此
间相互传递。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅲ
（翻译部分，原书P. 105-106）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（原 文）
1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌
晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖面
波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……
这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大
家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青
年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文
化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖
国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世
纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态
迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。
日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……
（参考译文）
On February 2, 1997, our delegation checked into the ZhongXin Hotel by the
side of the Riyuetai Lake. It was already 3 o'clock early the next morning by
the time I saw off the last group of guests. For a long time, I could not fall
asleep, even though I was comfortably lying in the bed. Putting on my clothes
again, I got off the bed and walked to the window. Extending my eyes into the
distance through the window, I was greeted by the view of the surrounding
mountains and hills shrouded in layered greenness and the silvery flickering of
waves scuttling across the surface of the Pool. Looking at the sole naturally-
formed picturesque lake in Taiwan, I felt an infinite train of thoughts passing
through my mind … …
The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has
enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new
acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of
discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful
in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan
live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their
individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their
hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese
culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They
share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at
the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity
and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen
their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of
the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities
and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young
people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this
transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation
should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to
which we have to seek an answer.
In the Riyuetai Lake, the waves across the lake surface have by now all
vanished. Enveloped in utter tranquility, the Lake has joined me in deep
thoughts … …
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（原 文）
I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary
historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly,
mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature,
or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive
overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference.
But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary
appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent - e. g. in
painting and music -they too alternate between boasting of native products and
copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as
though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that
they really represent an "English tradition" after all.
To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is
completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have
kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the
same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves.
Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though
sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend
some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference
between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree,
sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair,
liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a
country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways
still resembles his own - and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd
overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation,
as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank
response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.
（参考译文）
在某种程度上，我赞同我那假想中的英国读者的观点。美国文学史家或许惯于过分狭隘
地看待其本国文坛，误将卓著当作独特。他们确实会用过多的笔墨来渲染其本国文学，至
少，对其次要作家他们肯定会这样做。此外，美国人确实会走极端，要么咄咄逼人地大肆渲
染其文学，要么进行着同样不幸的亦步亦趋式的顶礼膜拜。但反过来说，英国人自己在其文
学鉴赏中也显得有些狭隘愚陋。此外，在他们并无上乘表现的领域--例如绘画与音乐，他们
也会走极端，不是吹嘘他们本国的作品，就是大肆模仿欧洲大陆的作品。有多少幅英国绘画
试图看上去仿佛是在巴黎完成的；但我们又有多少次曾在文章中读到它们真正代表着一
种"英国式的传统"呢？
那么，要谈论美国文学，倒并非意欲断言，它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言之，美
国与欧洲一直同步发展，协调一致。在任何一个特定的时刻，旅行者在两地均能目睹同一样
式的建筑实例，相同款式的服饰，书架上相同的书籍。在大西洋两岸，思想如同人员与货物
往来一样自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等概念时，我意欲
在"美国式的"这一词汇之前加上某种限定，因为欧美（尤其是英美）之间的差异往往只是程
度上的差异而已，并且有时候仅仅只是微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。差异的多寡是件极为
微妙的事务，这极容易使一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家，从某些
重要的意义上来说，诞生于他自己的国家，并在某些方面仍与他自己的国家相差无几--然
而，它却实实在在是一个异邦。两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重迭，以及令人甚感突兀的陌
生感；亲缘关系已让位于一种突如其来的异化与疏远，这种情景仿佛就像我们隔着马路向另
一个人打招呼，结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现，我们原来竟然错将生人当成了熟
人。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅳ
（翻译部分 ，原书P. 136-137）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（原 文）
加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港
兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，
成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量
达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。
温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。
加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期
奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而
已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在
本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性
的作用。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国
人聚居地。
（参考译文）
In 1986, Vancouver, Canada, just marked its centennial anniversary, but the
achievements made by the city in its urban development have already captured
worldwide attention. To build up a city and model its economy on the basis of a
harbor is the usual practice that port cities resort to for their existence and
development. After a century's construction and development, Vancouver, which
boasts of a naturally-formed ice-free harbor, has become an internationally
celebrated port city, operating regular ocean liners with Asia, Oceania, Europe
and Latin America. Its annual cargo-handling capacity reaches 80 million tons,
with one third of the city's employed population engaged in trade and
transportation business.
The glorious achievements of Vancouver is the crystallization (fruition) of
the wisdom (intelligence) and the industry of the Vancouver people as a whole,
including the contributions made by a diversity of ethnic minorities. Canada is
a large country with a small population. Although its territory is bigger than
that of China, it only has a population of less than 30 million people.
Consequently, to attract and to accept foreign immigrants have become a
national policy long observed by Canada. It can be safely asserted that, except
for Indians, all Canadian citizens are foreign immigrants, differing only in
the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is
one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. At present,
among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are not native-born and
one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have
played a decisive role in facilitating the transformation of the Vancouver
economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver only over the past five
years, making Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese
concentrate.
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（原 文）
In some societies people want children for what might be called familial
reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the
ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the
family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they
have been and are powerful indeed in other places.
In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following
category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage:
to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage;
to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies
that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the
failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready
cause for divorce.
Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very
institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not
seem a proper family -they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its
family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children
need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social
institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort,
assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most people,
such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for
sustenance and in generational extension.
（参考译文）
在某些社会中，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因：传宗接代，光宗耀祖，博取
祖辈的欢心，使那些涉及到整个家族的宗教仪式得以发挥其应有的作用。此类原因在现代世
俗化的社会中似显苍白，但它们在其他地方曾一度构成并确实仍在构成强有力的理由。 此
外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共通之处，这便是：生儿育女是为着维系或改善婚姻：
能拴住丈夫或者使妻子不致于无所事事；修复婚姻或为婚姻注入新的活力；多子多孙，以为
家庭幸福，惟系于此。这一点更可因其相反情形而得以凸现：在某些社会中，无法生儿育女
（或无法生育男孩）于婚姻而言可构成一种威胁，并可作为离婚的一个顺理成章的（或现成
的）缘由。
除了所有这一切以外，还有一个原因，那就是后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远
意义。对许多人来说，夫妇两人尚不足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭--夫妻需要孩子来丰富
其两人小天地，赋予该小天地以真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。
孩子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。作为一种社会体制，家庭以其特有的方式，至
少从原则上说，可在一个变幻莫测、常常是充满敌意的世界中让人从中获取某种安全、慰
藉、保障，以及价值取向。于大多数人而言，这样的一个家庭基础，即使从其表层意义上来
讲，也需要不至一个人来维持其存在，并使其世代相传，生生不息。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅴ
（翻译部分，原书P. 167-168）
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（参考译文）
出孟买湾之后的第32天开始就透着些许的不祥。清晨，海浪先是将一扇船门砸坏。我们
冒着浓浓的雾气冲了进去，发现厨师浑身湿透，正在对这条船大发牢骚。"它变得一天比一
天不中用了。它愣是要想法子把我淹死在这炉灶前。"他显得异常的愤怒。我们设法让他平
静下来，而木工尽管被海水冲走过两次，但还是努力把门修好。由于发生了这一变故，我们
的晚饭直到很晚才弄好，但这一点最终也变得无关紧要，因为前去厨房端饭菜的Knowles被
汹涌的波涛掀倒在地，饭菜顺着船舷全都撒入海中。船长脸上的表情变得愈发严峻，双唇紧
咬。他全然没能意识到，整条船由于被要求去完成许多它力所不能及的任务，打从我们认识
它以来，首次出现了力不从心的迹象。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅵ
（翻译部分，原书 P. 195-196）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（参考译文）
In the contemporary period, Shanghai as a metropolis infested by foreign
adventurers has indeed recorded, since the opening of its commercial port, a
bitter, blood-and-tear history of many miseries and inequalities. Referred to
as the Paradise of Adventurers, Shanghai was indeed home to "human sludge and
filth" where one could find opium, dissolute women and gamblers. It was a place
that made people indulge in luxury and dissipation and given to sensuous
pleasures, even inducing people to become degenerate. However, there is a
different and more important picture of Shanghai as a modern metropolis. It has
been full of vitality and vigor, displaying its unique intelligence and wisdom,
characterized by an innovative and enterprising spirit. It has the courage to
assume risks and is in possession of both the awareness and the mechanism of
competition. Such a metropolitan mentality or style inspires its residents,
encouraging them to keep abreast with the changing epochs and to make efforts
toward greater progress.
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅶ
（翻译部分，原书 P. 222-223）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（译 文）
The former residence of John Strauss is situated on a big street, inside an
old pink-colored four-story apartment building along the street. Strauss lived
in two suites on the second floor of this building in which he composed from
the end of 1866 to the beginning of 1867 the famous The Blue Danube Waltz. At
that time he was already 42 years old and enjoyed a high reputation within the
musical circle of Vienna. However, it was not until the composition of this
melody that he became firmly established as the King of Waltz. The house in
which he lived was not far away from the Danube River, which was within the
reach of half an hour's walk. At that time, there was a huge forest between the
river and his house and Strauss would frequently go through the forest to have
a walk by the side of the river. Now the forest has been replaced by rows and
rows of densely adjacent houses and buildings, turning the place into noisy
streets.
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese.
（译 文）
尽管我喜欢广交朋友，但我只愿与为数不多的几人成为至交。我所提及的那位黑衣男
士，就是那样一个我希冀与其成为莫逆之交的人，因为他深得我的景仰。诚然，其行为举止
不乏某些怪异的出尔反尔，他全然可被称为幽默家王国中的幽默大师。虽然他慷慨大方，乃
至奢靡无度，但他仍假惺惺地希望人们将其视作节俭与审慎之奇才。尽管其言谈之中满是污
秽和自私的格言，其内心却充盈着最博大无际的爱心。据我所知，他常宣称自己是人类憎恶
者；然而，他的脸庞上却总漾溢着怜悯之情。虽然其神情会柔化为一片慈悲，我却听到过他
使用最为恶劣的言辞，其恶劣程度可谓无以复加。有些人佯装人道与柔情，也有一些人则夸
耀说这样的秉性乃天性使然。但在我所有认识的人当中，唯有他似乎羞耻于其与生俱有的慈
悲之心。他会竭力掩饰其真情，一如任何一个伪君子会掩饰其冷漠那样。然则，在每一个毫
无防范的瞬间，那戴着的假面具便会脱落下来，使其毕露于哪怕是最为肤浅的观察者。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅵ
（翻译部分，原书 P. 195-196）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（参考译文）
In the contemporary period, Shanghai as a metropolis infested by foreign
adventurers has indeed recorded, since the opening of its commercial port, a
bitter, blood-and-tear history of many miseries and inequalities. Referred to
as the Paradise of Adventurers, Shanghai was indeed home to "human sludge and
filth" where one could find opium, dissolute women and gamblers. It was a place
that made people indulge in luxury and dissipation and given to sensuous
pleasures, even inducing people to become degenerate. However, there is a
different and more important picture of Shanghai as a modern metropolis. It has
been full of vitality and vigor, displaying its unique intelligence and wisdom,
characterized by an innovative and enterprising spirit. It has the courage to
assume risks and is in possession of both the awareness and the mechanism of
competition. Such a metropolitan mentality or style inspires its residents,
encouraging them to keep abreast with the changing epochs and to make efforts
toward greater progress.
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅷ
（翻译部分，原书 P. 250-251）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（参考译文）
China will unswervingly observe the independent and peaceful foreign
policy. It will continue to reinforce its solidarity and cooperation with the
developing countries in the world and, together with them, to safeguard the
just and reasonable rights of the developing countries. At the same time, we
will be further committed to stabilizing our peripheral areas and to
consolidating the harmonious friendship with our neighboring countries. We will
also make continued efforts to enrich the implications of the framework of the
future relations that have been established or that are being established with
all the major countries of the world. We will take more positive steps to
participate in international affairs and in various kinds of multilateral
diplomatic activities. China will remain firm in its opposition to hegemonism,
power politics and will endeavor to promote the establishment of a new
international political and economic order that is fair, reasonable, equal and
reciprocally beneficial.
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（参考译文）
在这个社会上，所能碰见的最为贤达的人士乃商人及饱经世事沧桑者。其言谈，其论点
全然基于其所见所知，而不会去编织某些迂腐的区分，以设定事物理应如何如何。女士们往
往要比男士们更富于所谓的"见识"。她们不那么自命不凡，不那么惯于纠缠于理论，在对事
物形成判断时更多地凭藉这些事物在其头脑中所烙下的直接和不自觉的印象，因而会来得更
为真实，更为自然。她们绝不犯任何逻辑错误，因为她们从不进行任何的逻辑推理。她们的
所思所言决不受制于任何条条框框，正因为如此，总体而言她们不仅更具见识，而且更机
智，更能言善辩。凭借其机智、其见识、其如簧巧舌这三件利器，她们大都会图谋主宰她们
的丈夫。她们在给朋友写信时，其文笔之雅致与绝大多数作家相比均有过之而无不及。--未
受教育者最富于创造。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅸ（翻译部分，原书P. 277-278）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English（参考译文）
Chinese president Jiang Zeming who is currently on a state visit to Italy held
a formal talk with Italian president on 22nd at the presidential palace.
President Jiang pointed out that although Italy and China are geographically
far away from each other and important differences exist in their respective
social systems, cultural traditions, and the levels of economic development,
the two countries have so far maintained a very friendly bilateral
relationship. At present, the cooperation between the two countries has been
expanding in terms of both the depth and the width, Italy being an important
trade partner of China in Europe. The economies of both countries are
characterized by strong complementarity and there is tremendous potential for
both countries to undertake economic and trade cooperation. The Chinese
government support and encourage Chinese business communities to conduct more
contacts with their Italian counterparts so as to make the economic and
commercial cooperation between the two countries more constructive and fruitful.
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（参考译文） 里根政府最严重的对外政策问题在总统第二任期行将结束之际浮出水面。
1987年，美国人得知里根政府曾秘密向伊朗出售武器，试图为那些美国人质换取人身自由，
这些人质被伊朗霍梅尼政府所控制的激进组织囚禁于黎巴嫩。此外，调查也披露，这些武器
交易中所得的款项被转移到尼加拉瓜反政府武装组织的手里，但在这一时期，美国国会早已
禁止此类性质的军事援助。 随后所举行的参众两院联合委员会的有关"伊朗-反政府武装
组织事件"听证会审议了有可能存在的非法问题，以及对美国在中东和中美洲对外政策利益
进行界定这一更为广泛的问题。从某种较为宽泛的意义上说，有关"伊朗-反政府武装组织事
件"的听证会，犹如14年前著名的参议员水门事件听证会那样，所涉及到的都是某些根本性
问题，即政府应如何向公众负责，以及政府行政与立法部门之间如何才能达成某种恰如其分
的平衡。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅹ（翻译部分，原书P. 307-308）
Section A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English
（参考译文） Science means the exploration of truth. In the process of
exploring truth, people will have to experience tremendous hardships and
difficulties before they can come to understand the objective laws. It is often
the case that the differences in the research perspectives, the materials
mastered, and the ways of understanding would lead to totally different results-
as we might say, "a mountain becomes a hill when viewed horizontally and a
ridge when viewed vertically, and it assumes totally different shapes when
viewed from a short or a long distance, or from a high or a low position." -
and even lead to academic disputes. Therefore, an accomplished scientist would
regard opposing arguments as his most tremendous benefit and take others'
criticism of him as the most precious friendship that he can ever obtain. In
Gothe's words, "We take for granted what we are in favor of. However, only what
we are opposed to can enrich our thoughts." This is all because the approving
opinions are not necessarily justified while the opposing arguments are not
necessarily unfounded. To put it in the least way, even the opposing arguments
that are mistaken will be immensely beneficial to one's own scientific research.
Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（参考译文） 虽然美国经济在过去几年中已实现了转型，但某些问题自美国建国之初以
来一直持续至今，依然悬而未决。其中之一便是围绕着政府在一个基本上属于市场性质的经
济中的恰当角色所展开的持久争论。以自由企业为基础的经济体制，其普遍特征便是私有制
和个人创新精神，政府介入应相对微弱。然而，人们发现，政府的干预时不时地也是必要
的，以确保经济机会人人均等，能为全部民众所获得，并防范肆无忌惮的权力滥用，平抑通
货膨胀，刺激经济增长。 自殖民地时期以来，美国政府或多或少地参与到经济决策中来。
例如，联邦政府曾在基础设施方面进行过巨额投资，它也提供了私营业主们没有能力或不愿
意提供的社会福利项目。在过去数十年中，政府也以无数的方式支持并促进农
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题XII
（翻译部分，原书2001年全真题）
SECTION A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into
English.（
原 文） 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。
晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说，"有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心
情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的
大自然野外天成的场所。" 钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽
说："钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主
要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。"
（参考译文） The general public might be well-acquainted with the songs
composed by Qiao Yu, but they might actually know very little about his two
major hobbies-fishing and wine-drinking. In his later years (Late in his
life), Qiao Yu has become enamored of fishing (developed a penchant / special
fondness for fishing). He asserts: " Mostly speaking, a place with water and
fish must necessarily be blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps
people in good mood. I believe that the optimum fishing places are not those
commercial fishing centers/resorts which provide the fishermen with all the
conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but those
naturally-formed places in the wilderness which exert a special appeal."
According to him, fishing can constitute an activity conducive to the
cultivation of one's temperament and to one's health, at once physical and
psychological. Qiao Yu claims: "Fishing can be divided into three stages. The
first stage consists of mere fish-eating; the second a combination of fish-
eating and the pleasure (enjoyment) of fishing; the third primarily the
pleasure of fishing when, confronted with a pond of clear water, one puts aside
all his troubling vexations and annoyances and enjoys the total relaxation both
mentally and physically."
SECTION B：Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese（
原 文） Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the
neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active
discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would
have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort
he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he
would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him
functioning for more important efforts. Effort is the gist of it. There is
no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the
impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on
how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something
like the same terms when he spoke of "The pleasure of taking pains". The mortal
flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to
be effortless. We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because
without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something
hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of
difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play
by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure,
to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the
rules. No difficulty, no fun.
（参考译文） 梭罗所理解的"低层次"，即为了拥有而去拥有，或与所有的邻居明争暗斗
而致拥有。他心目中的"高层次"，则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，即要使自己对自然界永恒
之物的感悟臻于完美。对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次
的追求。勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要
可确保他能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。 殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是其精髓
所在。除非我们愿意直面那些需要我们全身心投入的艰难困苦，否则便不会有幸福可言。正
如叶芝所言，除却某些不可能的情形，我们于人生中所获取的满足皆取决于我们在多高的境
界中选择我们所愿意面对的艰难困苦。当罗伯特·弗罗斯特言及"以苦为乐"时，他内心所
思，大体如此。商业广告中所宣扬的那种幸福观，其致命的缺陷就在于这样一个事实，即它
宣称，一切幸福皆唾手可得，不费吹灰之力。 即便于游戏之中，我们也需要有艰难困
苦。我们之所以需要它，因为设若没有困难，便断无游戏可言。游戏即是这样一种方式，为
了享受其中的情趣而人为地使事情变得不那么轻而易举。游戏中的种种规则，便是将困难武
断地强加于人。当有人将情趣摧毁殆尽时，他总是因为拒不按游戏规则行事而使然。这犹如
下棋；如果你随心所欲、心血来潮地去更改那些全然武断的游戏规则，这样去赢棋当然会更
加容易。但下棋的情趣则在于，应在规则的限定范围内赢取胜利。一言以蔽之，没有艰难，
断无情趣。
高等院校英语专业八级考试样题XIII
（翻译部分，2002年全真题）SECTION A: Translate the following underlined part of
the Chinese text into English.
（原 文） 大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一致
并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，
酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、
跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也
就衍传了下来。
（参考译文） Equal are the generous gifts granted/distributed (endowed) by
Nature to (on) all human individuals, whether they are wealthy or impoverished
(be they wealthy or impoverished). Therefore, all human individuals have become
unanimously and profoundly indebted to (obliged to, attached to, dependent on)
Nature. This is particularly true in rural areas where ways of life have
remained intact and unchanged for people for thousands of years-sowing crops
and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, grazing and milking cows, hoeing
grasses and planting flower-trees, going to churches for religious prayers and
services on weekends, playing musical instruments, dancing and singing on
squares. The fields in former times are still their present-day homes glowing
with human warmth. In such a way, each locality has evolved its own unique folk
tales and has transmitted its distinctive habits and customs.
SECTION B：Translate the following underlined part of the English text into
Chinese
（原 文） The word "winner" and "loser" have many meanings. When we refer to
a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a
winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy,
responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.
Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they
should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy
putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. They
are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving,
between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting
knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask. Winners are not
afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can
separate facts from opinions and don't pretend to have all the answers. They
listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions.
Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally
defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them. Winners do not play "helpless",
nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for
their own lives.
（参考译文）"胜者"与"败者"这两个字眼含有众多的意思。当我们将某人称作胜者时，我们
并非指他是一个致使他人一败涂地的人。对我们来说，胜者乃这样一位君子，他无论是作为
一个个人抑或是作为社会的一份子，一切反应均能由衷而发，做到诚信，可靠，乐善好施，
且绝不伪善。 胜者不会穷其毕生之精力，去拘泥于某个他们所想象的为人之道；相反，
他们会保持其真我本色，并且，作为这种追求真我的仁者，他们不会耗费精力来装腔作势，
维持一种自命不凡的姿态，或去操纵他人。他们深知，在爱戴他人和装作爱戴他人之间，在
愚顽不化和大智若愚之间，在学识渊博和佯装学富五车之间，实质上存在着天壤之别。胜者
断无必要去藏匿于面具背后。 胜者无畏于独立的思维和运用其自己的知识。他们能够在
事实与舆论之间明辨是非，不会僭称自己无所不晓。他们会倾听他人的见解，对他人所言作
出鉴别，而最终所得出的却是其自己的结论。虽然胜者可能会钦佩并敬重他人，但他们不会
受制于他人，惧悚于他人，为他人所囿，或被他人所摧垮。 胜者绝不耍"凄惨无助"之把
戏，也决不玩"委过于人" 之游戏。相反，他们会毅然肩负起对自身人生的责任（忍辱负
重， 无怨亦无悔）。
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