Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points )
One reason human beings can thrive in all kinds of climates is that they can control the qualities of the air in the enclosed spaces in which they live. Air conditioning is the use of mechanical systems to 1 that control in such places 2 homes, offices, theaters, institutions, factories, airplanes, and automobiles. The most familiar type of air conditioning is summertime cooling. Although important, this is 3 one of several aspects of air conditioning. Other applications 4 the control of the humidity (or air moisture), cleanliness, circulation of the air, and heating.
Tests have 5 that people generally feel best 6 certain temperature, humidity, and air velocity conditions. Temperatures can 7 from 21.5° C with 70 percent relative humidity to 28° C with 30 percent relative humidity. Relative humidity is the 8 of moisture in the air 9 a specific temperature compared 10 the amount it could hold at that temperature. 11 air velocities range from 4.5 to 10.5 meters per minute. It is also desirable that an air conditioner 12 dust, pollen, smoke, and odors from the air.
In many industrial environments, air conditioning is essential. Most print shops, for example, 13 constant humidity in order to control paper shrinkage and 14 the 15 operation in some processes. Libraries, especially ones with rare books, require air control to 16 the physical quality of their collections. Bakeries and the tobacco and cotton industries require high humidity 17 their products, and perishables such as fruits must be stored in cool, dry rooms. Some electronic components, drugs, and chemicals must be manufactured 18 the air is as free as possible 19 dust and other particles. Air conditioning is 20 in hospitals, especially in operating rooms.
1. A. achieve B. avail C. amount to D. assign
2. A. like B. as C. for D. to
3. A. but B. like C. as to D. mere
4. A. include B. contain C. consist D. comprise
5. A. determined B. caused C. maintained D. achieved
6. A. at B. around C. within D. under
7. A. alter B. range C. differ D. move
8. A. qualityB. sum C. amount D. number
9. A. under B. inside C. on D. at
10. A. to B. with C. against D. at
11. A. Agreeable B. Appreciable C. Amenable D. Available
12. A. remove B. to remove C. removes D. removing
13. A. ask B. demand C. request D. require
14. A. ensures B. ensure C. ensuringD. to ensure
15. A. unique B. uniform C. universal D. united
16. A. preserve B. conserve C. reserve D. retain
17. A. about B. as C. for D. to
18. A. what B. where C. that D. which
19. A. of B. against C. at D. without
20. A. virtual B. viable C. vibrant D. vital
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1(40 points)
Text 1
Film has properties that set it apart from painting,sculpture,novels,and plays.It is also,in its most popular and powerful form,a storytelling medium that shares many elements with the short story and the novel.And since film presents its stories in dramatic form,it has even more in common with the stage play:Both plays and movies act out or dramatize,show rather than tell,what happens.
Unlike the novel,short story,or play,however,film is not handy to study;it cannot be effectively frozen on the printed page.The novel and short story are relatively easy to study because they are written to be read.The stage play is slightly more difficult to study because it is written to be performed.But plays are printed,and because they rely heavily on the spoken word,imaginative readers can conjure up at least a pale imitation of the experience they might have been watching a performance on stage. This cannot be said of the screenplay,for a film depends greatly on visual and other nonvisual elements that are not easily expressed in writing.The screenplay requires so much“filling in”by our imagination that we cannot really approximate the experience of a film by reading a screenplay,and reading a screenplay is worthwhile only if we have already seen the film.Thus,most screenplays are published not to read but rather to be remembered.
Still,film should not be ignored because studying it requires extra effort.And the fact that we do not generally “read”films does not mean we should ignore the principles of literary or dramatic analysis when we see a film.Literature and films do share many elements and communicate many things in similar ways.Perceptive film analysis rests on the principles used in literary analysis, and if we apply what we have learned in the study of literature to our analysis of films,we will be far ahead of those who do not. Therefore,before we turn to the unique elements of film,we need to look into the elements that film shares with any good story.
Dividing film into its various elements for analysis is a somewhat artificial process,for the elements of any art form never exist in isolation,It is impossible,for example,to isolate plot from character:Events influence people,and people influence events;the two are always closely interwoven in any fictional,dramatic,or cinematic work.Nevertheless,the analytical method uses such a fragmenting technique for ease and convenience.But it does so with the assumption that we can study these elements in isolation without losing sight of their interdependence or their relationship to the whole.
21What is mainly discussed in the text?
AThe uniqueness of film.
BThe importance of film analysis.
CHow to identify the techniques a film uses.
DThe relationship between film analysis and literary analysis.
22Why is it not handy to study film?
ABecause screenplay is not as well written as literary works.
BBecause a film cannot be effectively represented by a printed screenplay.
CBecause a film is too complicated.
DBecause publishers prefer to publish literary works.
23From the third paragraph we learn that.
Athe means by which we analyze a literary work cannot be applied to the analysis of the film
Ba good film and a good story have many elements in common
Cwe should not pay extra effort to study films
Dusing the principles of literary analysis makes no difference in film analysis
24Why can’t we divide film into various elements for analysis?
ABecause these elements are interwoven with each other and cannot keep be separated without failing to appreciate a film as a whole.
BBecause films cannot be written down and it is inconvenient to analyse them.
CBecause films elements are too complicated.
DBecause films need not to be analysed in detail.
25What does the word “it” refer to in the last sentence of the passage?
AThe analytical method.BThe fragmenting technique.CEase.DConvenience.
Text 2
Highspeed Internet provider At Home Corp. is buying Excite Inc. , one of the leading destinations on the World Wide Web, for about $ 6.7 billion in stock in one of the largest Internet company deals. The deal announced today would surpass America Online Inc.’s $ 4.2 billion acquisition of Netscape Communications Corp. last year. Based on closing stock prices Friday, Excite is worth about $ 3.4 billion, which would mean that At Home would be paying a huge premium. The deal could eventually give telecommunications giant AT&T Corp. control of one of the highly soughtafter portals that serve as entry points onto the Internet.
At Home is owned by TeleCommunications Inc., Cox Communications and several other investors. TCI is in the process of merging with AT&T Corp. in a $ 39 billion deal that is expected to be completed by spring. AT&T Corp. chief executive Michael Armstrong has stated he wants to use At Home as a conduit for delivering a wide range of communications services, including electronic commerce. Control over Excite, which has a search engine and links to several online shopping sites, would certainly enhance that goal. Excite, which has lagged behind other Website companies, such as Yahoo!, has been looking for a larger partner in the rapidly consolidating Internet portal market, especially in wake of the AOLNetscape deal. Several other companies had been rumored to be interested in Excite, including Yahoo! Inc. and Microsoft Corp. Negotiations between Yahoo! and Excite broke off this weekend, according to published reports.
Excite, eager to extend its reach and market power, was attracted by an alliance with AT&T and TCI. Excite’s shareholders are expected to own about 30 percent of the combined company, which would be known as At Home Networks. Excite chief executive George Bell would take a position on the new company’s executive board, reporting to At Home chief executive Tom Jermoluk. At Home, which delivers highspeed Internet service over cable TV lines, has more than 330 000 customers. The deal would give it access to Excite’s more than 20 million registered users and to the company’s contentdevelopment capabilities. Both companies are located in Redwood City, Calif. At Home, whose stock has risen nearly 300 percent over the past year, has the money to make a deal, Michael Harris, president of Kinetic Strategies Inc. told MSNBC. “With At Home’s existing stock valuation (of about $11.7 billion), it’s been surprising they haven’t done more deals. They’ve certainly got a huge war chest built up.”
Neither company has yet made a profit. In the three months ended Sep. 30, Excite lost $ 6.8 million on revenue of $ 44 million, including acquisition and amortization expenses. In the same period, At Home lost $ 9.7 million.
26.Why does At Home want to buy Excite?
A.Because Tom Jermoluk wants to control his strongest competitor.
B.Because it wants to expand its business through Excite’s present resources.
C.Because both companies are based in Redwood city, California.
D.Because it has lost $ 9.7 million in the last three months.
27.Before the At HomeExcite deal, Excite had attempted a deal with .
A.TCI B.AT&T C.AOL D.Yahoo!
28.How does AT&T fit into the picture of the At HomeExcite deal?
A.Excite has been dealing with AT&T for some time.
B.AT&T and At Home has been running At Home Networks jointly.
C.AT&T is about to ally with TCI, the owner of At Home.
D.AT&T runs Internet, of which Excite is an important user.
29.Excite is eager to join such powerful companies as AT&T and TCI because .
A.it is at a competitive disadvantage in the Internet market
B.it expects to expand its shareholding over AT&T and TCI
C.it wishes to expand its coverage of online shopping sites
D.it is about to go bankrupt and has to sell itself
30.From what he said at the end of the third paragraph, we can conclude that Michael Harris .
A.was surprised at the At HomeExcite deal
B.was not satisfied with the At HomeExcite deal
C.accused At Home of accumulating its wealth from wars
D.considered the At HomeExcite deal desirable to At Home
Text 3
The film is not without its drawbacks. Disappointment, failure, selfdoubt, regrets over opportunities, missed or misusedthese are always the lot of the person in motion, which is why we must never forget the natural human bond that holds us all together and puts each grief into a common store of experience. For those in motion, these grieves are the inevitable consequence of ambition, particularly in a competitive society such as ours.
Many of us today are rather ambivalent about the virtues of a competitive society, particularly one that celebrates material success and celebrity status. In view of these questionable virtues, we have tried to substitute security and reassurance for the loss of selfesteem that comes from not getting an A, not getting a promotion, not getting a Mercedes or a Porsche, not getting an appearance on the Johnny Carson show. As a result I am tempted to assuage your disappointment by changing your grade, thereby brightening your lifeat least temporarily.
Such a change, I’m afraid, might do far more harm than good in the long run. In my experience, unmerited approval carries with it the risk of seriously distorting a young person’s perception of reality: seeing the world as a far more benign place than it actually is, and seeing the self as more able, more competent, than is truly the case. This kind of distortion can be very crippling for the person in motion, giving a false picture of accomplishment that makes the inevitable jolts later on bruising and injurious.
I know your B comes as a jolt. Not enough to make you break your stride, I hope. I also hope our perceptions of the course mesh well enough so that the grade seems fair to you. Most of all, I hope that what I’ve said helps you to understand the limitations of any grade as a measure of who you are and what you can do. It’s a symbol, a mark on a piece of paper. Nothing more.
Years ago, our high school principal wrote, as was customary then, a short message to the graduating class for the school yearbook. She was a formidable woman: whitehaired, gimleteyed, quiet and precise in her manner. Her message to us was: I believe the class of 1994 will go forward, and as they go forward, achieve.
Not a bad message, I’ve always felt. Hopeful, encouraging; but qualified just enough to let us know we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously (the “I believe” is certainly less fulsome than “I am sure”). A good way of wishing us all luck in the years to come. May you have your fair share of it as you move along. And may you find strength somewhere to endure whatever disappointments come your waysymbolic and actual.
31. “The natural human bond” in (Para. 1) refers to .
A.drawbacks B. lot C.grieves D. ambition
32.According to the author, which of the following is not the virtues of the current seciety?
A.Material suess. B.Celebrity status.
C.Security and reassurance. D.Academic success.
33.According to the author, changing a student’s grade from B to A ultimately .
A.brighten his life
B.assuages his disappointment
C.attains academic success
D.distorts his outlook
34.The high school principle’s message to the 1994 graduating class is .
A.like the principle herself, formidable
B.complimentary
C.appropriate and encouraging
D.symbolic
35.The word“ambivalent”(Para. 2) is closest in meaning to .
A.ambitious B.at a loss C.critical D.mad
Text 4
It is because of his plays that Shakespeare is now considered the greatest English writer in history.The era in which he lived,Elizabethan England,was a time in which broad interests and creativity could flourish.Elizabeth, the queen, was beloved by her subjects and proved to be a powerful and able ruler.Under the reign of Elizabeth,England changed from an island kingdom to an expanding empire.England grew rich through trade.Sixteenthcentury Englishmen traveled to the New World and to Africa.Music,dance,poetry,painting,and architecture flourished; but the art form in which Elizabethan England distingusihed the rest of Europe was the theater.
The theater,which had practically disappeared from Europe was,at this time,received as a part of the church service.Later,no longer as a part of the service,the“mystery plays”responded to popular taste by adding more and more comic elements.In England,they were sponsored by various trade guilds and presented on stage wagons that went from place to place.When the mystery plays began to lose their appeal,they were replaced by“morality”plays which always taught a moral.
In Renaissance England,writers were particularly interested in classical texts such as Latin and Greek plays.Schools and universities began to produce comedies and tragedies by Platus,Terence,and Seneca.Shakespeare was well acquainted with classical humanities and classical tragedies and comedies often served as models in his own drama.A Renaissance man,Shakespeares interest went beyond book learning to practical knowledge of military strategy,seafaring,business affairs,and the new geographical discoveries,all evident in his plays.
Companies of“strolling plays”which had specialized in morality plays responded to the change by staging new plays.Professional actors,who had been viewed by English society as little better than vagrants or criminals,gradually came under the protection of the nobility.Licensed theater companies were formed;Shakespeare belonged to one of those,where in addition to his writing,he acquired a wide experience in acting and theater management.
The theater grew in popularity and public theaters were built,not inside the city limits but just outside,along with other places of entertainment.Theaters in Elizabethan England were patronized by all social classes.The Globe Theater,built in 1599,where many of Shakespeares plays were performed,had a platform stage jutting out into a central courtyard.The audience stay around three sides of this platform—the lowerclass who each paid a penny in the pit and the wealthier spectators in the galleries above.The orchestra was on stage,as music was usually a significant part of the production.Indeed,the costumes,scenery,singing,playing,and dancing,as well as acting was essential to the total show.There was no lighting,however,plays were performed in the afternoon.Shakespeare knew his audience:his theater is addressed not just to the educated but to all classes of society.
36Which of the following is not true about the Elizabethan England?
ABroad interests and creativity flourished.
BEnglish people began to travel to the Continent.
CThe theater was the most prominent art form.
DEngland was no longer an island kingdom.
37According to the passage,the theater .
Afirst appeared in England Bhad various types
Cwere only sponsored by the nobility Dfollows two classical rules
38Which of the following statements may not be the reason for Shakespeares success?
AHe lived in the Elizabethan Age.
BHe was quite wealthy.
CHe had broad interest.
DHe was experienced in acting and theater management.
39“Theaters in Elizabethan England were patronized by all social classes.”“patronized”means .
Aenjoyed Bsponsored
Cencouraged Dpromoted
40Shakespeares plays .
Awere enjoyable to all the classes of society Bwere performed all day long
Cwere presented on stage wagons Dcopied the Latin and Greek plays
Part B
Directions:
In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions 41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.
Dr. Mortimer J. Adler, a noted philosopher, author, editor, lecturer, and teacher, Dr. Adler has throughout his long and distinguished career been a proponent of the great books of western civilization that comprise a liberal education and support a free society. He is chairman of the Board of Editors of the Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., director of the Institute for Philosophical Research in Chicago, chairman of the Paideia Project, and honorary trustee of the Aspen Institute.
There is no end to the making of books. Nor does there seem to be any end to the making of lists of "great books." There have always been more books than anyone could read. And as they have multiplied through the centuries, more and more blueribbon lists have had to be made.
No matter how long your life, you will, at best, be able to read only a few books of all that have been written, and the few you do read should include the best. You can rejoice in the fact that the number of such is relatively small.
The listing of the best books is as old as reading and writing. The teachers and librarians of ancient Alexandria did it. Quintilian did it for Roman education, selecting, as he said, both ancient and modern classics. In the Renaissance, such leaders of the revival of learning as Montaigne and Erasmus made lists of the books they read.
41)________________________________________________________. Yet there is a surprising uniformity in the lists which represent the best choices of any period. In every age, the list makers include both ancient and modern books in their selections, and they always wonder whether the moderns are up to the great books of the past.
What are the signs by which we may recognize a great book? The six I will mention may not be all there are, but they are the ones I ve found most useful in explaining my choices over the years.
42)______________________________________________. GONE WITH THE WIND has had relatively few readers compared to the plays of Shakespeare or DON QUIXOTE. It would be reasonable to estimate that Homer sliad has been read by at least 25,000,000 people in the last 3000 years.
43)_________________________________________________________. The astronomer Kepler, whose work on the planetary motions is now a classic, is reported to have said of his book that "it may wait a century for a reader, as God has waited 6000 years for an observer."
44)_____________________________________. They are not written by specialists about specialties for specialists. Whether they be philosophy or science, or history or poetry, they treat of human, not academic problems. They are written for men, not professors. To read a textbook for advanced students, you have to read an elementary textbook first. But the great books can be considered elementary in the sense that they treat the elements of any subject matter. They are not related to one another as a series of textbooks, graded in difficulty or in the technicality of the problems with which they deal.
45)__________________________________________________. Let me illustrate this point by taking Euclid s elements of Geometry and Newton s Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Euclid requires no prior study of mathematics. His book is generally an introduction to geometry, and to basic arithmetic as well. The same cannot be said for Newton, because Newton uses mathematics in the solution of physical problems. His style shows how deeply he was influenced by Euclid s treatment of ration and proportions. His book is, therefore, not readily intelligible, even to scientists, unless Euclid has been read before.
［A］There is one kind of prior reading, however, which does help you to read a great book, and that is the other great books the author himself read.
［B］A great book need not even be a best seller in its own day. It may take time for it to accumulate its ultimate audience.
［C］Great books are probably the most widely read. They are not best sellers for a year or two. They are enduring best sellers.
［D］I am not saying that great scientific books can be read without effort.
［E］It is to be expected that the selections will change will the times.
［F］Great books are popular, not pedantic.
［G］Great books are always contemporary.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
46)On a scale of one to 100 for the causes of stress,the death of a spouse scores the maximum points and divorce 73. Holidays and Christmas also score doubledigit figures.
47)Recognized as the health hazard of modern life, stress can contribute, directly or indirectly, to heart disease cancer and strokes, as well as a number of psychological problems.
Children are as likely to suffer from it as adults. No one, regardless of how calm their personality, is immune.
“It is not only a problem for ‘ young urban professionals’ (yuppies) ,” said Mark Greener, author of a new book called “Managing Stress”.
48)“In fact,it is often people who have little or no control over certain aspects of their livessuch as those in routine jobs or the unemployed — who suffer particularly badly.” added Greener, a pharmacologist and medical journalist.
Up to half of sickness absence from work is due to workrelated stress and depression, costing an estimated 7 billion pounds ( $11 billion) in lost revenue in Britain alone each year.
Most people can cope with, and even need a certain amount of stress to perform to the best of their ability. But when demands for dealing with stress are greater than resources, strength or time it becomes dangerous.
“Stress is a response to change in the environment. Anything that leads to change can cause stress, even if it’s enjoyable,” explained Greener.
Britain’s Trade Union Congress, concerned after a survey of workers revealed that stress was the biggest health hazard they faced, have launched a nationwide campaign to combat what it called the “new industrial epidemic”.
Stress is not a new problem. It has existed since cavemen foraged for food and hunted wild animals. But people are a lot better now at recognizing it and there is an increasing awareness among doctors that is causes many diseases.
Many believed the computer age and the women’s movement (resulting in more equality between men and women) would improve lifestyles and give men and women more free time. But Greener says people are now working longer hours, have more information to cope with and are feeling more insecure.
“There is a great deal of uncertainty in the workplace. The old ideal of having a job for lief is gone,” he said.
49) Greener attributes juggling the demands of home, children and jobs, plus the prejudice they face in the workplace, as the main causes of stress for women.
“For men it is changing (sexual) roles and the lack of security they tend to rely on,” he explained.
Managers are also complaining of being stressed by information overload. “Having too much information can be as dangerous as having too little,” said psychologist David Lewis.
50)“What this report makes as clear as crystal is that finding ways of dealing with the information burden is now one of the most urgent worldwide challenges facing business.”
Studies have confirmed that certain personality types are better at coping with stress. Type A personalities who are very competitive, impatient, aggressive and restless tend to suffer while the unhurried, relaxed and more passive B types don’t.
“Everyone is stressed. It is a fact of life,” said Greener. “What we have to do is to try to manage it.”
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
You are about to go for shopping. Leave a note to your roommate Mary. There are three affairs in the note:
1)you are going to shopping and would buy something for her in passing
2)tell her someone rang her when she was away
3)tell her that the washing machine was just broken down
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the note. Use "Jane" instead. (10 points)
Part B
52.Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay to
1)describe the picture and interpret its meaning
2)give your comment on the phenomenon
3)give your suggestion
You should write about 200 words neatly.
参考答案
Section Ⅰ Use of English
1. A. achieve
Air conditioning is the use of mechanical systems to achieve that control in such places as homes, offices, theaters, institutions, factories, airplanes, and automobiles.空调系统是通过使用机械装置来实现对诸如家庭，办公室，剧院，学校，工厂，飞机，和汽车等环境的控制。
“实现”用四个选项中的achieve表达最恰当。
B项avail ①有用；有益 。
②（与of连用）利用。例如：
to avail oneself of every opportunity 利用每一个机会
to avail oneself of the books in the library 利用图书馆的图书
2. B. as
such...as...举例，常用的固定搭配。
3. A. but
Although important, this is but one of several aspects of air conditioning.虽然它很重要，但是它不过是空调诸多功能中的一种。
but在此处的作用和only相当。
4. A. include
Other applications include the control of the humidity (or air moisture), cleanliness, circulation of the air, and heating.其他功能还包括对空气湿度、清洁度、空气流通的调控，以及加热作用。
include“包括，包含”。例如：
Price $14.90, postage included. 价格14.90美元，邮资包括在内。
B项contain包含；容纳；装有。例如：
Beer contains alcohol. 啤酒含有酒精。
The speech contained some interesting ideas. 这个讲演包括一些有趣的思想。
C项consist ①（与of 连用） 组成，构成，包括，由……组成。例如：
The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。
②（与in连用）在于。例如：
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. 这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。
D项comprise ①包括；包含；构成
The house comprises ten rooms. 这所房子包括10个房间。
②组成；由……组成
The committee comprises five persons. 该委员会由五人组成。
5. A. determined
Tests have determined that people generally feel best under certain temperature, humidity, and air velocity conditions.实验已经证明，人们在一定的温度、湿度、和空气流动的速度下，感觉最舒适。
Determine:
①决心；决意。例如：
He determined to go. 他决意要去。
I am determined to do better than Mike. 我决心比迈克做得更好。
②决定；限定；确定；控制
③(本文用法)测定，例如：
to determine the velocity 测定速度
B项cause引起；使；促成。例如：
The heavy rain caused the flood. 大雨引起了洪水。
C项maintain ①保持；维持
②赡养；供给。例如：
He has worked hard to maintain his family. 他努力工作来养家。
③保养；维修。例如：
The car has always been properly maintained. 这汽车一直保养得很好。
④主张；为……辩护。
D项achieve 完成；实现 ；达到；获得
6. D. under
在一定条件下：Under...conditions。
7. B. range
Temperatures can range from 21.5° C with 70 percent relative humidity to 28° C with 30 percent relative humidity.气温可以在21.5摄氏度、相对湿度70%，到28摄氏度、相对湿度30%之间变化。
“在……范围内变化”一般用range。例如：
ranging between 5 and 15. 在5和15之间变化。
A项alter改变；变更。例如：
These clothes are too large, they must be altered. 这些衣服太大，得改一下。
C项differ ①（常与from连用）不同；不像；相异。例如：
My brother and I differ in many ways. 我和我兄弟在许多方面都不同。
She differs from me in many ways. 她在许多方面都和我不一样。
②（常与with连用）不同意；意见相左
8. C. amount
Number一般仅仅用于可数名词。例如：a large number of mistakes （很多错误），a number of times (好多次)。
amount 一般用于不可数名词。例如：annual amount of rainfall（年降雨量），a substantial amount of money（很多钱）等。虽然amount有时候也被用于修饰可数名词，甚至出现在《纽约客》这样的著名刊物上，但是，语法学家一般对此持批评态度。
sum意为“总计，总和”。
9. D. at
“在一定的温度下”；在某一个特定的温度/速度，介词通常用at。
10. B. with
Relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air at a specific temperature compared with the amount it could hold at that temperature. 相对湿度就是在一定的温度下，空气中水汽的实际量和空气可以承载的最大水汽量的比例。
compared with: 和……相比。例如：
compare one thing with another 将一物与另一物比较
compared to: 把……比作。例如：
Mans life is often compared to a candle. 人生常被喻为蜡烛。
11. A. Agreeable
Agreeable air velocities range from 4.5 to 10.5 meters per minute.最舒适的空气流动速度在每分钟4.5米到10. 5米之间。
agreeable adj. 使人愉快的, 惬意的, 适合的。例如：
agreeable weather舒适的天气
B项appreciable adj. 可感知的；值得重视的。C项amenable adj. 应服从的, 有服从义务的, 有责任的。D项available adj. 可用到的, 可利用的, 有空的。
12. A. remove
It is also desirable that an air conditioner remove dust, pollen, smoke, and odors from the air. 人们也希望，空调能去除空气中的灰尘，花粉，烟尘，以及异味等。本句为虚拟语气，句式结构为: It is desirable that ...这样的句子后面必须加（should）+动词原形。例如：
It is required that students (should) wear their school uniforms. 学生们被要求穿校服。
13. D. require
Most print shops, for example, require constant humidity in order to control paper shrinkage 例如，大多数印刷店都要求恒定的湿度，来控制纸张的收缩率。
“要求”一般用require。demand语气太重，request则是“有礼貌地要求”。
14. D. to ensure
Most print shops, for example, require constant humidity in order to control paper shrinkage and to ensure the uniform operation in some processes. 在本句中，to control和to ensure作并列目的状语。
15. B. uniform
uniform adj. 统一的, 相同的, 一致的, 始终如一的, 均衡的。A项unique adj. 惟一的, 独特的。C项universal adj. 普遍的, 全体的, 通用的, 宇宙的, 世界的。
16. A. preserve
Libraries, especially ones with rare books, require air control to preserve the physical quality of their collections. 图书馆，特别是那些有善本的图书馆，需要调节空气，保护他们藏书的质量。
preserve保护；防护；维护; 保存；保藏，侧重“保护好使不腐烂，保鲜”的意思。例如：
You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。
B项conserve vt. 保存, 保藏；侧重“保护，以便于不被破坏殆尽，今后还能找到”的意思。例如，保护自然资源，生态环境等多用本词。
C项reserve vt. 储备，储藏
D项retain vt. 留住；保住。例如：to retain ones balance 保持平衡；a wall to retain the lake 挡住湖水的堤坝。
17. C. for
Bakeries and the tobacco and cotton industries require high humidities for their products, and perishables such as fruits must be stored in cool, dry rooms. 面包房，以及烟草和棉花工厂的产品需要很高湿度的空气，而诸如水果之类的容易腐烂的货品则要储存在凉爽干燥的房间。for在此处强调目的。
18. B. where
Some electronic components, drugs, and chemicals must be manufactured where the air is as free as possible of dust and other particles. 有些电子元件、药物、以及化学物质必须在没有灰尘和其他微粒的空气中生产。where强调地点、所在。
19. A. of
free of something 没有……的，摆脱了……的
free of charge 免费的
20. D. vital
Air conditioning is vital in hospitals, especially in operating rooms. 空调对医院也至关重要，特别是手术室。
vital“极为重要的；关系重大的”。例如：a vital examination 至关重要的考试。
A项virtual 实际上的； 事实上的。例如：
She is the virtual president, thought her title is secretary. 虽然她的头衔是秘书，她是实际上的董事长。
B项viable adj. 可行的；可实施的
C项vibrant adj. 振动的；（色彩、光线）鲜明的，明快的；活泼的；生机勃勃的
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
词语注释
perceptive 有知觉的，有理解力的
approximate 接近，与to连用
conjure up 便人想象出，使人回忆起
nonverbal 非语言的
worthwhile 值得做的；相宜的
interweave 混合；混杂
fictional 小说的；捏造的；虚构的
fragment 碎片；断片
assumption 假定，设想；采取
interdepend 互相依赖
文章概要
本文主要介绍欣赏电影与欣赏文学作品的方法的异同。
Para.1：电影有着与绘画、雕塑、小说和戏剧不同的特点。
Para.2：电影并不容易学，因为它是多种手段相结合的产物，无法被写下来。
Para.3：文学作品与电影有很多共通点。
Para.4：欣赏电影时要把其各要素综合起来欣赏。
答案点评
21D文章将电影与文学作品的分析做了比较和说明，这是文章主旨所在。
22B学习电影不方便的地方在于，电影无法被写下来。它是多种手段综合使用的产物。剧本是不能完整地表现电影的，因此光看剧本根本无助于你去欣赏电影的精髓。
23B文学作品与电影是有很多共通点的。学习过一些文学分析的方法，对分析电影也是很有裨益的。
24A电影中各个因素已经结合成为了不可分的整体，各要素相互影响。将它们分割开来，会影响对整体的理解。
25A倒数后两句意思是：“the analytical method”使用“fragmenting technique”为了容易和方便。但“the analytical method”能使用“fragmenting technique”因为他们假设……。可见“it”代指“the analytical method”。
Text 2
词语注释
destination n. 目的地、终点giant n. 巨人
conduit n. 管道、导管amortization n. 分期偿还（债券等）
premium n. 奖赏、奖励consolidate v. 巩固、加强
alliance n. 联盟
文章概要
Para.1：高速网络提供商At Home Corp.收购Excite Inc.及其后果。
Para.2：TCI与AT&T Corp.合并及Excite寻求合作伙伴。
Para.3：Excite与At&T,TCI联合的愿望、计划及AT Home的当前状况。
Para.4：各公司目前尚未获利。
答案点评
26.B根据第三段第三、四句，At Home 现有33万用户，与Excite 的这场交易可以使他获得（give it access to ）Excite 公司2 000多万网上用户，以及该公司的目录开发能力。另一方面，Excite 认识到自己已落后于像Yahoo! 这样的公司，想寻找强大的伙伴，在网址管理公司目前的兼并潮中站稳脚跟。
27.D根据第二段第六、七句传闻有几家公司对Excite 感兴趣，包括Yahoo!和Microsoft 公司，但根据报道，本周末Yahoo!和Excite 的谈判最终以失败告终。
TCI是Telecommunications Inc.的缩写。
AT&T是American Telephone and Telegraph Co.（美国电话电报公司）的缩写。
AOL是America Online Inc.的缩写。
28.C根据第二段第一句，At Home 是TCU、Cox Communications 和其他几家投资者组建的公司。第二句又提到，TCI正在准备与AT&T合并，买卖达390亿美元，预期今春完成联手。所以，第一段最后一句、第二段第三句都提到了AT&T对这场交易的反应。根据第三段第二句，At Home Networks 是购买Excite 后打算组建的新公司的名称。
29.A第二段第五句提到，Excite已落后于像Yahoo!这样的网络公司，所以正在寻找一个更强大的合作伙伴；第三段第一句提到，因为Excite 急于想扩大自己的买卖，扩展自己的市场能力，很热衷于同AT&T和TCI的联合。
30.D第三段Michael Harris评价说，在过去一年中，At Home的股份上升了近300%，因此，它有足够的实力成效。按At Home 现有的股票估价（stock valuation），它没有做更多的类似交易实在令人费解，他们肯定积累了足够的资金（warchest 指为竞选等目的而筹措的资金）。可见，Harris先生认为At Home不仅应该做这次买卖还应该做更多的诸如此类的买卖。
Text 3
词语注释
ambivalent a. 有矛盾心理的distort v. 歪曲、曲解
virtue n. 善、美德、长处formidable a. 可怕的、难对付的
文章概要
Para.1：在实际生活中，遇到挫折是必然的。
Para.2：在这个尊崇物质成功和地位的社会，我试图通过变动一下个人的成绩，减轻他的失望。
Para.3：这种的变动从长远上看，弊大于利。
Para.4：成绩只是一个符号，能帮助你了解自身的不足。
Para.5：多年前我的校长总在年鉴上对毕业生写鼓励的话。
Para.6：这种鼓励的话虽有鼓舞人心的作用，但也有很大的弊端。
答案点评
31.C该题为词语释义题。若将第一段的内容归纳一下，我们可以断定这个短语是指C项。
32.C该题为细节判断题。参见第二和三段，我们可以判定C的内容没有提到，所以是符合题意的答案。
33.D该题为归纳题。第四段的描述可以概括为答案D的内容。
34.C该题为归纳题。第五和第六段的内容表明，C最为符合题意。
35.B该题为词语释义题。可从上下文进行判断。
Text 4
词语注释
sponsor vt. 发起；资助guild n. 互助会，同业公会
wagon n. 四轮马车jut v. 突出，伸出
pit n. 剧院正门后排观众gallery n. 戏剧最高楼座
orchestra n. 交响乐团
文章概要
Para.1：在莎士比亚所在的伊丽莎白时代，英国的戏剧在欧洲是首屈一指。
Para.2：神秘剧渐渐被哲理剧取代。
Para.3：文艺复兴英国，剧作家们倾向于古典素材，莎士比亚除此以外，大量运用实际生活中的素材。
Para.4：戏剧公司，演员数量和地位的变化。
Para.5：剧院的兴隆以及戏剧内容的丰富。
答案点评
36B文中原句是“Sixteenthcentury Englishmen traveled to the New World and to Africa.”所以B项符合题意。
37B二、三、四段分别提到“plays for the church service”,“mystery plays”，“morality plays”和“strolling plays”等，所以戏剧有多种多样。
38B第四段提到Shakespeare 本身是个演员，并不十分富有。
39Bpatronize 意思是“资助”。
40A由最后一句话“Shakespeare knew his audience: his theater is addressed not just to the educated but to all classes of society.”可知，A正确。
Part B
答案解析
41．E此处要注意下文的Yet，表一个转折关系。下文说但是有一些作品可以作为任何时代的必读书目。可判断空白处表达的意思应是不同时代有不同的选读书。E符合此意。
42．C由下文所举的例子来看，空白处的意思应是伟大的作品拥有众多读者，并经久不衰。
43．B下文说的是伟大的作品可以“长久地等待其读者”，备选项中B表达的也是这一意思，下文正是对B的补充论证。
44．F下文说伟大的作品不是为专家写的，而是为普通人写的，F正是下文的概括，即它应是大众的，而非学究式的。
45．A本题关键在于读懂下文例子的意思，而后不难选出A，关键提示词是prior reading,本段讲的是有些作品需要一些预备阅读。
文章大意：面对读不尽的书海，人们要列出一些精典书目来读。这些经典适合各个时代的人来读，它们不一定是最畅销的，但经久不衰，它们不为专家所独享，而是大众化的，只不过有时需要一些预备阅读。
Part C
参考译文
46.倘若以1到100来衡量压力成因的话，丧偶高居榜首，离婚为73。而假期和圣诞节给人造成的压力也是两位数的。
47.压力被看作现代生活的健康隐患，可直接或间接地导致有关心脏疾病、癌症、中风以及许多心理问题。
48.事实上，通常是那些对生活某些方面无力控制或无从把握的人——例如从事日常事务性工作的人或失业者，他们承受着特别大的压力。
49.格林纳把应付家庭、孩子和工作的需要，以及她们在工作场所遇到的偏见归结为女性感到压力的主要原因。
50.这一报告很清楚地指出找到应付过量信息的办法是当今我们在全世界范围内亟需解决的一个问题。
Section Ⅲ Writing
参考作文
51.
Mary,
I’ m going out for shopping. Will buy items you need by the way. I suppose it’ s toothpaste, a reading lamp, and a notebook. It can’ t be wrong, right?
Tom rang you at 2 . He wants to meet you at the weekend, he also wants to borrow some book. Had better to ring him back.
And the washing machine can’ t work. I suppose it’ s the problem with the timing button. So don’ t waste time of getting your clothes prepared for washing. I’ ve called the service department, they’ d be there tomorrow.
Wait for me back.
yours,
Jane
2004.5.30
52.
It Takes Two to Make a Quarrel
Here is a cartoon that could be taken as a satire on the unhealthy tendency of our society. In the dim moonlight, a donkey dressed in human clothes is walking stealthily towards the residence of "Bole", who is an expert at appreciation of swift horses in our ancient Chinese folklore. To gain Bole’s favour, the donkey carries a large suitcase of cash under his arm. It dawns on us that the subordinates, who are symbolized by the donkey, are trying to bribe their superiors.
As is known to everyone, our times is one of keen competition. In the hustle and bustle of urban life, we all expect our salary to be bigger and bigger, and our social status to be higher and higher. Yet competitions should be waged on honest and fair terms, otherwise they will be harmful to the participants. If people resort to offering bribery to gain advantage over their competitors, they corrupt not only their own mind in this deal, but that of those who accept bribery as well. In the long run, it ruins the future of the both parties.
It takes two to make a quarrel, so is it with this event. The act of bribery takes place first in the bottom of people’s heart, namely, the eagerness to offer bribery and the willingness to accept it. I suggest that vox populi be established so that even the very consideration of getting involved in bribery will be accompanied with a strong feeling of being guilty. The act of bribery will not disappear until it has been eradicated in people’s heart.
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